Phy 232
Your 'bottle thermometer' report has been received. Scroll down through the document to see any comments I might have inserted, and my final comment at the end.
** Your optional message or comment: **
Halfway through this experiment I backed my computer chair over my thermometer and broke it. So you will see that I dont mention temperature at a certain point. Sorry for the mishap.
** What happens when you pull water up into the vertical tube then remove the tube from your mouth? **
If I remove the tube from my mouth, I expect for the pressure to be released from the bottle. When this happens, I expect for the water level to drop.
After filling the bottle with water, raising water in the pressure tube, then releasing pressure from the middle tube, my prediction was right. The water column dropped because the release in pressure.
** What happens when you remove the pressure-release cap? **
The only way that the air will escape from the system is if it pushes the water in the tube out. I expect that the pressure in the bottle isnt high enough, so I do not think any air will escape.
After rmoving the cap from the pressure-valve tube, I found that the air did not escape, so my predictions were correct.
** What happened when you blew a little air into the bottle? **
The air column shortened a little bit. This occurred because the pressure in the bottle was forcing something in the tube to give. Since water is incompressible, the air in the tube had to give way. The air column did return to its normal position as soon as I removed the tube from my mouth because the tube served as a pressure release. I expected the air column would give more then it did, I couldnt get it to budge more than a half an inch.
** Your estimate of the pressure difference due to a 1% change in pressure, the corresponding change in water column height, and the required change in air temperature: **
If the pressure in the bottle changed, approximately 1000 N/m^2 would change.
The correspondind change in the height of the air column would be 3 cm
For the air temperature to change the pressure by 1 % with a constant volume, it would also have to change by 1%.
** Your estimate of degrees of temperature change, amount of pressure change and change in vertical position of water column for 1% temperature change: **
3 K would result in a one percent change in temperature.
With a constant volume, a pressure change of 1000 N/m^2 would correspond to a temperature change of one percent.
The vertical position of the water column would change by about 1 cm with a one degree change in temperature.
** The temperature change corresponding to a 1 cm difference in water column height, and to a 1 mm change: **
A temperature change of about one degrees would correspond to a one cm difference in the height of the column
A temperature change of about 0.1 degrees would correspond to a one mm difference in height.
** water column position (cm) vs. thermometer temperature (Celsius) **
0, 22.1
-0.2, 22.1
0.4, 22.2
0.7, 22.2
1.1, 22.4
1.1, 22.1
0.8, 22.0
0.5, 22.1
0, 22.1
0, 22.1
0.8, 22.3
1.5, 22.5
1.5, 22.5
1.6, 22.5
1.7, 22.6
1.7, 22.6
1.5, 22.4
1.4, 22.4
1.5, 22.4
1.5, 22.4
** Trend of temperatures; estimates of maximum deviation of temperature based on both air column and alcohol thermometer. **
You can see how the column position deviates with the temperature. However, my measurements seem very inconsistent. The maximum deviation was 0.3 degrees celcius, which had a column height deviation of 0.725 cm.
These maximum differences are the difference between the values and the mean of all the values.
** Water column heights after pouring warm water over the bottle: **
This is the point where I broke my thermometer
The column height increased by 8 cm it decreased from there over the next 10 min by:
0.25
0.6
1.1
2.4
3.9
4.3
5.6
6.1
6.6
6.9
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.5
** Response of the system to indirect thermal energy from your hands: **
No, the fluctation from my hands was about the same as it was without them. The most the air column changed was maybe 0.5 cm.
** position of meniscus in horizontal tube vs. alcohol thermometer temperature at 30-second intervals **
** What happened to the position of the meniscus in the horizontal tube when you held your warm hands near the container? **
** Pressure change due to movement of water in horizonal tube, volume change due to 10 cm change in water position, percent change in air volume, change in temperature, difference if air started at 600 K: **
** Why weren't we concerned with changes in gas volume with the vertical tube? **
** Pressure change to raise water 6 cm, necessary temperature change in vicinity of 300 K, temperature change required to increase 3 L volume by .7 cm^3: **
** The effect of a 1 degree temperature increase on the water column in a vertical tube, in a horizontal tube, and the slope required to halve the preceding result: **
** Optional additional comments and/or questions: **
2
** **
You weren't able to complete the last part, but the rest was good and even with the omitted part your work on this lab is passable. The omission is unlikely to affect your course grade.
However be sure you understand that last part. No need to resubmit but see the commentary at the link below.
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Expanded Commentary
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