Text Assignment 2-3

course Mth 151

??O1???U?????`?assignment #003003. `Query 3

College Algebra

03-12-2009

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12:38:23

Query 2.3.15 (Y ^ Z')U X, univ={a,..g}, X={a,c,e,g}, Y = {a,b,c}, Z = {b, ..., f}

What is the set (Y ^ Z')U X?

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RESPONSE -->

2.3.15 is X' ^ Y' which is a,c

confidence assessment: 3

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12:38:44

**Z' = {a,g}, the set of all elements of the universal set not in Z. Y ^ Z' = {a}, since a is the only element common to both Y and Z'.

So (Y ^ Z') U X = {a, c, e, g}, the set of all elements which lie in at least one of the sets (Y ^ Z') U X. **

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RESPONSE -->

Not the right question for 2.3.15

self critique assessment: 3

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12:42:28

Give the intersection of the two sets Y and Z'

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RESPONSE -->

Well Y is {a,b,c} and Z' is everything except {b,c,d,e,f} so the intersection is a

confidence assessment: 2

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12:42:50

**Z' = {a,g}, the set of all elements of the universal set not in Z. Y ^ Z' = {a}, since a is the only element common to both Y and Z'.**

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RESPONSE -->

I forgot about g

self critique assessment: 3

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12:46:11

Query 2.3.30 describe in words (A ^ B' ) U (B ^ A')

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RESPONSE -->

Well from the book it is 0

From here it is ( The group of A and the group of the complement of B have in common ?) is in union with ( The group of B and the group of the complement of A have in common ?)

confidence assessment: 3

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12:46:30

** a description, not using a lot of set-theoretic terms, of (A ^ B' ) U (B ^ A') would be, all the elements that are in A and not in B, or that are not in A and are in B

Or you might want to say something like 'elements which are in A but not B OR which are in B but not A'.

STUDENT SOLUTION WITH INSTRUCTOR COMMENT:everything that is in set A and not in set B or everything that is in set B and is not in set A.

INSTRUCTOR COMMENT: I'd avoid the use of 'everything' unless the word is necessary to the description. Otherwise it's likely to be misleading. **

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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12:47:48

2.3.51 always or not always true: n(A U B) = n(A)+n(B)

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RESPONSE -->

Out of the book 2.3.51 is always true

However this particular problem on the computer is not always true

confidence assessment: 3

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12:47:58

** This conclusion is contradicted by many examples, including the one of the dark-haired and bright-eyed people in the q_a_.

Basically n(A U B) isn't equal to n(A) + n(B) if there are some elements which are in both sets--i.e., in the intersection.

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MORE DETAIL: The statement can be either true or false, depending on the sets A and B; it is not always true.

The statement n(A U B) = n(A)+n(B) means that the number of elements in A U B is equal to the sum of the number of elements in A and the number of elements in B.

The statement would be true for A = { c, f } and B = { a, g, h} because A U B would be { a, c, f, g, h} so n(A U B) = 5, and n(A) + n(B) = 2 + 3 = 5.

The statement would not be true for A = { c, f, g } and B = { a, g, h} because A U B would be the same as before so n(AUB) = 5, while n(A) + n(B) = 3 + 3 = 6.

The precise condition for which the statement is true is that A and B have nothing in common. In that case n(A U B) = n(A) + n(B). A more precise mathematical way to state this is to say that n(A U B) = n(A) + n(B) if and only if the intersection A ^ B of the two sets is empty. **

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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12:52:27

Query 2.3.60 X = {1,3,5}, Y = {1,2,3}. Find (X ^ Y)' and X' U Y'.

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RESPONSE -->

a. 2,4,5

b. 4

c. I really don't know what the conjecture would be

confidence assessment: 1

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12:53:11

** X ^ Y = {1,3} so (X ^ Y) ' = {1,3}' = {2, 4, 5}.

(X ' U Y ' ) = {2, 4} U {4, 5} = {2, 4, 5}

The two resulting sets are equal so a reasonable conjecture would be that (X ^ Y)' = X' U Y'. **

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RESPONSE -->

Ok I think I understand now. Unions confuse me to a certain degree.

self critique assessment: 3

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12:57:20

2.3.72 A = {3,6,9,12}, B = {6,8}.

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RESPONSE -->

A x B= {(3x6)(3x8)(6x6)(6x8)(9x6)(9x8)(12x6)(12x8)}

B x A= {(6x3)(6x6)(6x9)(6x12)(8x3)(8x6)(8x9)(8x12)

confidence assessment: 3

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12:57:36

** (A X B) = {(3,6),(3,8),(6,6),(6,8),(9,6),(9,8),(12,6), (12,8)}

(B X A) = (6,3),(6,6),(6,9),(6,12),(8,3),(8,6),(8,9),(8,12)}

How is n(A x B) related to n(A) and n(B)?

n(S) stands for the number of elements in the set S, i.e., its cardinality.

n(A x B) = n(A) * n(B) **

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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12:58:23

2.3.84 Shade A U B

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RESPONSE -->

The middle part of A and B would be shaded

confidence assessment: 3

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12:58:43

** everything in A and everything in B would be shaded. The rest of the universal set (the region outside A and B but still in the rectangle) wouldn't be. **

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RESPONSE -->

I thought it would just be the middles?

self critique assessment: 3

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12:59:50

Query 2.3.100 Shade (A' ^ B) ^ C

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RESPONSE -->

Whatever is not in A but is contained in both B and C should be shaded

confidence assessment: 2

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13:00:05

** you would have to shade every region that lies outside of A and also inside B and also inside C. This would be the single region in the overlap of B and C but not including any part of A. Another way to put it: the region common to B and C, but not including any of A **

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RESPONSE -->

I got it!

self critique assessment: 3

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13:00:40

Describe the shading of the set (A ^ B)' U C.

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RESPONSE -->

It would be whatever is outside both A and B and includes C

confidence assessment: 3

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13:00:51

** All of C would be shaded because we have a union with C, which will include all of C.

Every region outside A ^ B would also be shaded. A ^ B is the 'overlap' region where A and B meet, and only this 'overlap' would not be part of (A ^ B) '. The 'large' parts of A and B, as well as everything outside of A and B, would therefore be shaded.

Combining this with the shading of C the only the part of the diagram not shaded would be that part of the 'overlap' of A and B which is not part of C. **

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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13:01:35

2.3.114 Largest area of A shaded (sets A,B,C). Write a description using A, B, C, subset, union, intersection symbols, ', - for the shaded region.

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RESPONSE -->

( B ^C)' U A

confidence assessment: 2

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13:01:54

** Student Answer and Instructor Response:

(B'^C')^A

Instructor Response:

Good. Another alternative would be A - (B U C ), and others are mentioned below.

COMMON ERROR: A ^ (B' U C')

INSTRUCTOR COMMENT: This is close but A ^ (B' U C') would contain all of B ^ C, including a part that's not shaded. A ^ (B U C)' would be one correct answer. **

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self critique assessment:

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13:01:57

** Student Answer and Instructor Response:

(B'^C')^A

Instructor Response:

Good. Another alternative would be A - (B U C ), and others are mentioned below.

COMMON ERROR: A ^ (B' U C')

INSTRUCTOR COMMENT: This is close but A ^ (B' U C') would contain all of B ^ C, including a part that's not shaded. A ^ (B U C)' would be one correct answer. **

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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&#This looks good. Let me know if you have any questions. &#