Query 03

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course Phy 121

If your solution to stated problem does not match the given solution, you should self-critique per instructions at

 

   http://vhcc2.vhcc.edu/dsmith/geninfo/labrynth_created_fall_05/levl1_22/levl2_81/file3_259.htm

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Your solution, attempt at solution.  If you are unable to attempt a solution, give a phrase-by-phrase interpretation of the problem along with a statement of what you do or do not understand about it.  This response should be given, based on the work you did in completing the assignment, before you look at the given solution.

 

003.  `Query 3

 

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Question:  What do the coordinates of two points on a graph of position vs. clock time tell you about the motion of the object?  What can you reason out once you have these coordinates?

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Your solution: 

 Two points on a graph of position vs. clock time tell whether the object is increasing in position over time, or decreasing in position over time. You can also find the slope, which gives you the average rate of change.

  

 

 

confidence rating #$&*: 3

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Given Solution:  The coordinates a point on the graph include a position and a clock time, which tells you where the object whose motion is represented by the graph is at a given instant.  If you have two points on the graph, you know the position and clock time at two instants. 

Given two points on a graph you can find the rise between the points and the run.

On a graph of position vs. clock time, the position is on the 'vertical' axis and the clock time on the 'horizontal' axis. 

• The rise between two points represents the change in the 'vertical' coordinate, so in this case the rise represents the change in position.

• The run between two points represents the change in the 'horizontal' coordinate, so in this case the run represents the change in clock time.

The slope between two points of a graph is the 'rise' from one point to the other, divided by the 'run' between the same two points.

• The slope of a position vs. clock time graph therefore represents rise / run = (change in position) / (change in clock time).

• By the definition of average velocity as the average rate of change of position with respect to clock time, we see that average velocity is vAve = (change in position) / (change in clock time).

• Thus the slope of the position vs. clock time graph represents the average velocity for the interval between the two graph points.

 

 

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Self-critique (if necessary): OK

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Self-critique Rating: OK

 

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Question:

Pendulums of lengths 20 cm and 25 cm are counted for one minute.  The counts are respectively 69 and 61.  To how many significant figures do we know the difference between these counts?

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Your Solution: 

 The difference between the counts is 69-61=8. Neither of the original numbers (20 and 25) are taken to any decimal places, so we can only assume it is 8.

 

confidence rating #$&*:

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Question:

What are some possible units for position?  What are some possible units for clock time?  What therefore are some possible units for rate of change of position with respect to clock time?

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Your Solution: 

 Position Units: Metric system-cm,km,meters

Clock Units: minutes, seconds, hours

Units for rate of change of position with respect to clock time: cm/sec, cm/min, cm/hr, km/min, km/sec, km/hr, m/min, m/sec, m/hr

confidence rating #$&*:

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Question:  What fraction of the Earth's diameter is the greatest ocean depth?

What fraction of the Earth's diameter is the greatest mountain height (relative to sea level)?

On a large globe 1 meter in diameter, how high would the mountain be, on the scale of the globe?  How might you construct a ridge of this height?

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Your solution: 

??? Not sure where I would find this information to use. Is it in my book?

@&

This is basic geographical information, available from numerous sources.

You can use any source to get the information. The Internet can be a good source.

*@

confidence rating #$&*: 0

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Given Solution: 

The greatest mountain height is a bit less than 10 000 meters.  The diameter of the Earth is a bit less than 13 000 kilometers. 

Using the round figures 10 000 meters and 10 000 kilometers, we estimate that the ratio is 10 000 meters / (10 000 kilometers).  We could express 10 000 kilometers in meters, or 10 000 meters in kilometers, to actually calculate the ratio.  Or we can just see that the ratio reduces to meters / kilometers.  Since a kilometer is 1000 meters, the ratio is 1 / 1000.

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Self-critique (if necessary):

 Upon looking at the solution, I still am not sure where I would find the numbers needed to solve this question. How the solution is given, I understand the steps to get to the final answer.

 

 

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Self-critique Rating: 3

 

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Question:  `qQuery  Principles of Physics and General College Physics:  Summarize your solution to the following: 

Find the sum

1.80 m + 142.5 cm + 5.34 * 10^5 `micro m

to the appropriate number of significant figures. 

 

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Your solution: 

  1.80 m has 3 s.f.

142.5 cm has 4 s.f.

5.34*10^5 micrometers has 3 s.f.

Change all numbers to meters to properly add them together.

142.5 cm *(1m/100cm)= 1.425 m

534000 micrometers

534000 micro meters * (1meter/1000000 micro meters)= .534 m

Add them up: 1.80 m+1.425m+0.534 m= 3.759--correct s.f=3.76 m

confidence rating #$&*: 3

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Given Solution: 

`a** 1.80 m has three significant figures (leading zeros don't count, neither to trailing zeros unless there is a decimal point; however zeros which are listed after the decimal point are significant; that's the only way we have of distinguishing, say, 1.80 meter (read to the nearest .01 m, i.e., nearest cm) and 1.000 meter (read to the nearest millimeter).

 

Therefore no measurement smaller than .01 m can be distinguished.

 

142.5 cm is 1.425 m, good to within .00001 m.

 

5.34 * `micro m means 5.34 * 10^-6 m, so 5.34 * 10^5 micro m means (5.34 * 10^5) * 10^-6 meters = 5.34 + 10^-1 meter, or .534 meter, accurate to within .001 m.

 

Then theses are added you get 3.759 m; however the 1.80 m is only good to within .01 m so the result is 3.76 m.  **

 

 

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Self-critique (if necessary):

I understood the concept, the micro meters threw me off just a little bit, I didn't know the conversion factor for the micrometers to meters off the top of my head.

 

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Question:  Openstax:  A generation is about one-third of a lifetime. Approximately how many generations have passed since the year 0 AD?

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Your solution: 

Approxiametly a lifetime is 73 years. 1/3 of 73 years is about 24 years.

2013 years have gone by since 0 AD

???I am stuck here, not sure what to do next.

confidence rating #$&*: 2

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Given Solution: 

A lifetime is about 70 years.  1/3 of that is about 23 years.

About 2000 years have passed since 0 AD, so there have been about

2000 years / (23 years / generation) = 170 generations

in that time

 

 

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Self-critique (if necessary):

I do not understand where the 170 generations comes from….

@&

That should be 85 generations (half of 170). Sloppy mental arithmetic on my part.

*@

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Self-critique Rating: 2

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Question:  Openstax:  How many times longer than the mean life of an extremely unstable atomic nucleus is the lifetime of a human? (Hint: The lifetime of an unstable atomic nucleus is on the order of 10^(-22) s .)

Assuming a 70-year human lifetime:

A years is 365 days * 24 hours / day * 60 minutes / hour * 60 seconds / minute = 3 000 000 seconds.

The number of seconds could be calculated to a greater number of significant figures, but this would be pointless since the 10^(-22) second is only an order-of-magnitude calculation, which could easily be off by a factor of 2 or 3.

Dividing 3 000 000 seconds by the 10^-22 second lifetime of the nucleus we get

1 human lifetime = 3 000 000 seconds / (10^-22 seconds / nuclear lifetime) = 3 * 10^28 nuclear lifetimes.

 

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Your solution: 

The solution was given in the question…So I am assuming I am just supposed to write here if I understand the steps.

Converted days into to seconds for better sig fig???? Still not sure why that was done

3000000sec/(10^-22 seconds/nuclear lifetime) to get 3*10^28 nuclear lifetimes to 1 human lifetime of (7 years)

@&

The lifetime of the nucleus is given in seconds. A lifetime is given in years.

The reasonable thing do to is therefore to begin by converting 70 years to seconds.

70 has only one significant figure, so the result is calculated to one significant figure.

*@

 

confidence rating #$&*: 2

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Given Solution: 

 

 

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Self-critique (if necessary): Not sure if I did this problem correctly, I did what I could

 

 

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Self-critique Rating: 3

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Openstax:  Calculate the approximate number of atoms in a bacterium. Assumethat the average mass of an atom in the bacterium is ten times themass of a hydrogen atom. (Hint: The mass of a hydrogen atom is onthe order of 10−27 kg and the mass of a bacterium is on the order of10−15 kg. )

mass of bacteria/10 times the mass of hydrogen

=(10^-15 kg)/(10)*(10^-27 kg)

=10^11 atoms

@&

Good.

*@

 

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Question:  For University Physics students:  Summarize your solution to Problem 1.31 (10th edition 1.34) (4 km on line then 3.1 km after 45 deg turn by components, verify by scaled sketch).   

 

 

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Your solution: 

 

 

confidence rating #$&*:

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Given Solution: 

`a** THE FOLLOWING CORRECT SOLUTION WAS GIVEN BY A STUDENT:

 

The components of vectors A (2.6km in the y direction) and B (4.0km in the x direction) are known.

 

We find the components of vector C(of length 3.1km) by using the sin and cos functions.

 

Cx was 3.1 km * cos(45 deg) = 2.19.  Adding the x component of the second vector, 4.0, we get 6.19km.

 

Cy was 2.19 and i added the 2.6 km y displacement of the first vector to get 4.79.

 

So  Rx = 6.19 km and Ry = 4.79 km.

 

To get vector R, i  used the pythagorean theorem to get the magnitude of vector R, which was sqrt( (6.29 km)^2 + (4.79 km)^2 ) = 7.9 km.

 

The angle is theta = arctan(Ry / Rx) = arctan(4.79 / 6.19) = 37.7 degrees. **

 

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Self-critique (if necessary):

 

 

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Self-critique Rating:

#$&*

Openstax:  Calculate the approximate number of atoms in a bacterium. Assumethat the average mass of an atom in the bacterium is ten times themass of a hydrogen atom. (Hint: The mass of a hydrogen atom is onthe order of 10−27 kg and the mass of a bacterium is on the order of10−15 kg. )

mass of bacteria/10 times the mass of hydrogen

=(10^-15 kg)/(10)*(10^-27 kg)

=10^11 atoms

@&

Good.

*@

 

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Question:  For University Physics students:  Summarize your solution to Problem 1.31 (10th edition 1.34) (4 km on line then 3.1 km after 45 deg turn by components, verify by scaled sketch).   

 

 

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Your solution: 

 

 

confidence rating #$&*:

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Given Solution: 

`a** THE FOLLOWING CORRECT SOLUTION WAS GIVEN BY A STUDENT:

 

The components of vectors A (2.6km in the y direction) and B (4.0km in the x direction) are known.

 

We find the components of vector C(of length 3.1km) by using the sin and cos functions.

 

Cx was 3.1 km * cos(45 deg) = 2.19.  Adding the x component of the second vector, 4.0, we get 6.19km.

 

Cy was 2.19 and i added the 2.6 km y displacement of the first vector to get 4.79.

 

So  Rx = 6.19 km and Ry = 4.79 km.

 

To get vector R, i  used the pythagorean theorem to get the magnitude of vector R, which was sqrt( (6.29 km)^2 + (4.79 km)^2 ) = 7.9 km.

 

The angle is theta = arctan(Ry / Rx) = arctan(4.79 / 6.19) = 37.7 degrees. **

 

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Self-critique (if necessary):

 

 

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Self-critique Rating:

#*&!

#$&*

Openstax:  Calculate the approximate number of atoms in a bacterium. Assumethat the average mass of an atom in the bacterium is ten times themass of a hydrogen atom. (Hint: The mass of a hydrogen atom is onthe order of 10−27 kg and the mass of a bacterium is on the order of10−15 kg. )

mass of bacteria/10 times the mass of hydrogen

=(10^-15 kg)/(10)*(10^-27 kg)

=10^11 atoms

@&

Good.

*@

 

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Question:  For University Physics students:  Summarize your solution to Problem 1.31 (10th edition 1.34) (4 km on line then 3.1 km after 45 deg turn by components, verify by scaled sketch).   

 

 

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Your solution: 

 

 

confidence rating #$&*:

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Given Solution: 

`a** THE FOLLOWING CORRECT SOLUTION WAS GIVEN BY A STUDENT:

 

The components of vectors A (2.6km in the y direction) and B (4.0km in the x direction) are known.

 

We find the components of vector C(of length 3.1km) by using the sin and cos functions.

 

Cx was 3.1 km * cos(45 deg) = 2.19.  Adding the x component of the second vector, 4.0, we get 6.19km.

 

Cy was 2.19 and i added the 2.6 km y displacement of the first vector to get 4.79.

 

So  Rx = 6.19 km and Ry = 4.79 km.

 

To get vector R, i  used the pythagorean theorem to get the magnitude of vector R, which was sqrt( (6.29 km)^2 + (4.79 km)^2 ) = 7.9 km.

 

The angle is theta = arctan(Ry / Rx) = arctan(4.79 / 6.19) = 37.7 degrees. **

 

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Self-critique (if necessary):

 

 

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Self-critique Rating:

#*&!#*&!

&#Good responses. See my notes and let me know if you have questions. &#