assignment6 

course mth 151

x???????F???T??

assignment #006

006. Sequences and Patterns

Liberal Arts Mathematics I

09-22-2008

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18:50:56

`q001. Note that there are 6 questions in this assignment.

Find the likely next element of the sequence 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, ... .

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RESPONSE -->

1,2,4,7,11,16,22

confidence assessment: 3

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18:51:03

The difference between 1 and 2 is 1; between 2 and 4 is 2; between 4 and 7 is 3; between 7 and 11 is 4. So we expect that the next difference will be 5, which will make the next element 11 + 5 = 16.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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18:56:03

`q002. Find the likely next two elements of the sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 26, ... .

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RESPONSE -->

1,2,4,8,15,26,42,64

confidence assessment: 3

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18:58:19

The difference between 1 and 2 is 1; the difference between 2 and 4 is 2, the difference between 4 and 8 is 4; the difference between 8 and 15 is 7; the difference between 15 and 26 is 11.

The differences form the sequence 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, ... . As seen in the preceding problem the differences of this sequence are 1, 2, 3, 4, ... .

We would expect the next two differences of this last sequence to be 5 and 6, which would extend the sequence 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, ... to 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 16, 22, ... .

If this is the continuation of the sequence of differences for the original sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 26, ... then the next two differences of this sequence would be 16 , giving us 26 + 16 = 42 as the next element, and 22, giving us 42 + 26 = 68 as the next element. So the original sequence would continue as

1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 26, 42, 68, ... .

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RESPONSE -->

I added the 22 to the 42 and got 64

self critique assessment: 2

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18:59:27

`q003. What would be the likely next element in the sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, ... . It is understood that while this sequence starts off the same as that in the preceding exercise, it is not the same. The next element is not 15, and the pattern of the sequence is different than the pattern of the preceding.

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RESPONSE -->

1,2,4,8,16

confidence assessment: 3

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18:59:35

One obvious pattern for this sequence is that each number is doubled to get the next. If this pattern continues then the sequence would continue by doubling 8 to get 16. The sequence would therefore be 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, ... .

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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19:32:30

`q004. There are two important types of patterns for sequences, one being the pattern defined by the differences between the numbers of the sequence, the other being the pattern defined by the ratios of the numbers of the sequence. In the preceding sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, ..., the ratios were 2/1 = 2; 4/2 = 2; 8/4 = 2; 16/8 = 2. The sequence of ratios for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, ..., is thus 2, 2, 2, 2, a constant sequence. Find the sequence of ratios for the sequence 32, 48, 72, 108, ... , and use your result to estimate the next number and sequence.

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RESPONSE -->

160 is the next number32 is 16 from 48 48 is 24 from 72 72 is 36 from 108 108 is 52 from 160

I dont understand the ratio part

confidence assessment: 0

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19:35:15

The ratios are 48/32 = 1.5; 72 / 48 = 1.5; 108/72 = 1.5, so the sequence of ratios is 1.5, 1.5, 1.5, 1.5, ... . The next number the sequence should probably therefore be 108 * 1.5 = 162.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 0

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19:42:01

`q005. Find the sequence of ratios for the sequence 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21... , and estimate the next element of the sequence.

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RESPONSE -->

1.6 is the ratio the next number is 34

confidence assessment: 1

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19:42:20

The ratios are 2/1 = 2; 3/2 = 1.5; 5/3 = 1.66...; 8/5 = 1.60; 13/8 = 1.625; 21/13 = 1.615. The sequence of ratios is 2, 1.5, 1.66..., 1.625, 1.615, ... .

We see that each number in the sequence lies between the two numbers that precede it --

1.66... lies between 2 and 1.5;

1.60 lies between 1.5 and 1.66...;

1.625 lies between

1.66... and 1.60;

1.615 lies between 1.60 and 1.625.

We also see that the numbers in the sequence alternate between being greater than the preceding number and less than the preceding number, so that the intervals between the numbers get smaller and smaller.

So we expect that the next number in the sequence of ratios will be between 1.615 and 1.625, and if we pay careful attention to the pattern we expect the next number to be closer to 1.615 than to 1.625.

We might therefore estimate that the next ratio would be about 1.618. We would therefore get

1.618 * 21 = 33.98

for the next number in the original sequence. However, since the numbers in the sequence are all whole numbers, we round our estimate up to 34.

Our conjecture is that the sequence continues with 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, ... .

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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19:45:28

The pattern is that each element from the third on is the sum of the two elements that precede it. That is,

1+1=2,

2+1=3;

3+2=5;

5+3=8;

8+5=13;

13+8=21;

21+13=34;

. The next three elements would therefore e

34+21=55;

55+34=89;

89+55=144.

. The sequence is seen to be 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, ... .

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RESPONSE -->

55,89,144 are the next numbers

self critique assessment: 3

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assignment 7

??@??g?????F?assignment #007

007. Triangular, Square, Pentagonal Numbers

Liberal Arts Mathematics I

09-22-2008

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20:00:51

`q001. Note that there are 7 questions in this assignment.

Sketch three points A, B and C forming an equilateral triangle on a piece of paper, with point A at the lower left-hand corner, point B at the lower right-hand corner and point C at the top. Sketch the segments AB and AC.

Now double the lengths of AB and AC, and place a point at each of the endpoints of these segments. Connect these new endpoints to form a new equilateral triangle. Two sides of this triangle will have three points marked while the new side will only have its two endpoints marked. Fix that by marking that middle point, so all three sides of your new triangle are marked the same.

How many marked points were there in the original triangle, and how many are there in the new triangle?

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RESPONSE -->

3 in the original

6 in the new

confidence assessment: 1

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20:01:30

The original triangle had the three points A, B and C. When you extended the two sides you marked the new endpoints, then you marked the point in the middle of the third side. So you've got 6 points marked.

Click on 'Next Picture' to see the construction. The original points A, B and C are shown in red. The line segments from A to B and from A to C have been extended in green and points marked at the ends of these segments. The new endpoints have been connected to form the third side of a larger triangle, and an equally spaced point has been constructed at the midpoint of that side. Your figure should contain the three original points, plus the three points added when the new side was completed.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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20:07:44

You added the two new endpoints when you extended the sides. You then should have marked two new points on the new third side, so that each side contains 4 points including its endpoints. Your figure will now contain 10 marked points.

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RESPONSE -->

4 on the new 10

self critique assessment: 0

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20:09:49

`q003. Continue the process for another step-extend each side by a distance equal to the original point-to-point distance. How many points do you have in the new triangle?

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RESPONSE -->

14

confidence assessment: 0

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20:11:51

You will add an endpoint to each newly extended side, so each of the new sides will contain 5 points. You will then have to add 3 equally spaced points to the new side, giving you a total of 13 points on the new triangle. In addition there are two marked points inside the triangle, for a total of 15 points.

Click on 'Next Picture' to see the construction. The line segments along two sides of the triangle have again been extended and points marked at the ends of these segments. The new endpoints have been connected to form the third side of a larger triangle, and equally spaced points have been constructed along that side.

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RESPONSE -->

I understand that it goes up by 1 each time

there are 2 then 3 then 4 then5

self critique assessment: 2

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20:12:55

`q004. Continue the process for one more step. How many points do you have in the new triangle?

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RESPONSE -->

21

confidence assessment: 3

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20:13:02

You will add an endpoint to each newly extended side, so each of the new sides will contain 6 points. You will then have to add 4 equally spaced points to the new side, giving you a total of 15 points on the new triangle. There are also 5 marked points inside the triangle for a total of 21 marked points.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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20:13:32

`q005. The sequence of marked points is 3, 6, 10, 15, 21. What do expect will be the next number in this sequence?

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RESPONSE -->

28

confidence assessment: 3

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20:13:38

The differences between these numbers are 3, 4, 5, 6. The next difference, according to this pattern, should be 7, which would make the next number 28.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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20:17:15

`q006. How can you tell, in terms of the process you used to construct these triangles, that the next number should be 7 greater?

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RESPONSE -->

Each new line contains one more point than the previous one

confidence assessment: 3

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20:17:25

When you extend the triangle again, you will add two new endpoints and each side will now have 7 points. The 7 points on the new triangle will be all of the new points.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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20:18:51

`q007. How do you know this sequence will continue in this manner?

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RESPONSE -->

Because when the line is extended more in equal increments it will be 1 more point then the previous one that was increased

confidence assessment: 3

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20:19:02

Each time you extend the triangle, each side increases by 1. All the new marked points are on the new side, so the total number of marked points will increase by 1 more than with the previous extension.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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x???????F???T??

assignment #006

006. Sequences and Patterns

Liberal Arts Mathematics I

09-22-2008

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18:50:56

`q001. Note that there are 6 questions in this assignment.

Find the likely next element of the sequence 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, ... .

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RESPONSE -->

1,2,4,7,11,16,22

confidence assessment: 3

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18:51:03

The difference between 1 and 2 is 1; between 2 and 4 is 2; between 4 and 7 is 3; between 7 and 11 is 4. So we expect that the next difference will be 5, which will make the next element 11 + 5 = 16.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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18:56:03

`q002. Find the likely next two elements of the sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 26, ... .

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RESPONSE -->

1,2,4,8,15,26,42,64

confidence assessment: 3

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18:58:19

The difference between 1 and 2 is 1; the difference between 2 and 4 is 2, the difference between 4 and 8 is 4; the difference between 8 and 15 is 7; the difference between 15 and 26 is 11.

The differences form the sequence 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, ... . As seen in the preceding problem the differences of this sequence are 1, 2, 3, 4, ... .

We would expect the next two differences of this last sequence to be 5 and 6, which would extend the sequence 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, ... to 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 16, 22, ... .

If this is the continuation of the sequence of differences for the original sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 26, ... then the next two differences of this sequence would be 16 , giving us 26 + 16 = 42 as the next element, and 22, giving us 42 + 26 = 68 as the next element. So the original sequence would continue as

1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 26, 42, 68, ... .

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RESPONSE -->

I added the 22 to the 42 and got 64

self critique assessment: 2

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18:59:27

`q003. What would be the likely next element in the sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, ... . It is understood that while this sequence starts off the same as that in the preceding exercise, it is not the same. The next element is not 15, and the pattern of the sequence is different than the pattern of the preceding.

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RESPONSE -->

1,2,4,8,16

confidence assessment: 3

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18:59:35

One obvious pattern for this sequence is that each number is doubled to get the next. If this pattern continues then the sequence would continue by doubling 8 to get 16. The sequence would therefore be 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, ... .

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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19:32:30

`q004. There are two important types of patterns for sequences, one being the pattern defined by the differences between the numbers of the sequence, the other being the pattern defined by the ratios of the numbers of the sequence. In the preceding sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, ..., the ratios were 2/1 = 2; 4/2 = 2; 8/4 = 2; 16/8 = 2. The sequence of ratios for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, ..., is thus 2, 2, 2, 2, a constant sequence. Find the sequence of ratios for the sequence 32, 48, 72, 108, ... , and use your result to estimate the next number and sequence.

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RESPONSE -->

160 is the next number32 is 16 from 48 48 is 24 from 72 72 is 36 from 108 108 is 52 from 160

I dont understand the ratio part

confidence assessment: 0

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19:35:15

The ratios are 48/32 = 1.5; 72 / 48 = 1.5; 108/72 = 1.5, so the sequence of ratios is 1.5, 1.5, 1.5, 1.5, ... . The next number the sequence should probably therefore be 108 * 1.5 = 162.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 0

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19:42:01

`q005. Find the sequence of ratios for the sequence 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21... , and estimate the next element of the sequence.

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RESPONSE -->

1.6 is the ratio the next number is 34

confidence assessment: 1

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19:42:20

The ratios are 2/1 = 2; 3/2 = 1.5; 5/3 = 1.66...; 8/5 = 1.60; 13/8 = 1.625; 21/13 = 1.615. The sequence of ratios is 2, 1.5, 1.66..., 1.625, 1.615, ... .

We see that each number in the sequence lies between the two numbers that precede it --

1.66... lies between 2 and 1.5;

1.60 lies between 1.5 and 1.66...;

1.625 lies between

1.66... and 1.60;

1.615 lies between 1.60 and 1.625.

We also see that the numbers in the sequence alternate between being greater than the preceding number and less than the preceding number, so that the intervals between the numbers get smaller and smaller.

So we expect that the next number in the sequence of ratios will be between 1.615 and 1.625, and if we pay careful attention to the pattern we expect the next number to be closer to 1.615 than to 1.625.

We might therefore estimate that the next ratio would be about 1.618. We would therefore get

1.618 * 21 = 33.98

for the next number in the original sequence. However, since the numbers in the sequence are all whole numbers, we round our estimate up to 34.

Our conjecture is that the sequence continues with 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, ... .

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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19:45:28

The pattern is that each element from the third on is the sum of the two elements that precede it. That is,

1+1=2,

2+1=3;

3+2=5;

5+3=8;

8+5=13;

13+8=21;

21+13=34;

. The next three elements would therefore e

34+21=55;

55+34=89;

89+55=144.

. The sequence is seen to be 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, ... .

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RESPONSE -->

55,89,144 are the next numbers

self critique assessment: 3

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??@??g?????F?assignment #007

007. Triangular, Square, Pentagonal Numbers

Liberal Arts Mathematics I

09-22-2008

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20:00:51

`q001. Note that there are 7 questions in this assignment.

Sketch three points A, B and C forming an equilateral triangle on a piece of paper, with point A at the lower left-hand corner, point B at the lower right-hand corner and point C at the top. Sketch the segments AB and AC.

Now double the lengths of AB and AC, and place a point at each of the endpoints of these segments. Connect these new endpoints to form a new equilateral triangle. Two sides of this triangle will have three points marked while the new side will only have its two endpoints marked. Fix that by marking that middle point, so all three sides of your new triangle are marked the same.

How many marked points were there in the original triangle, and how many are there in the new triangle?

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RESPONSE -->

3 in the original

6 in the new

confidence assessment: 1

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20:01:30

The original triangle had the three points A, B and C. When you extended the two sides you marked the new endpoints, then you marked the point in the middle of the third side. So you've got 6 points marked.

Click on 'Next Picture' to see the construction. The original points A, B and C are shown in red. The line segments from A to B and from A to C have been extended in green and points marked at the ends of these segments. The new endpoints have been connected to form the third side of a larger triangle, and an equally spaced point has been constructed at the midpoint of that side. Your figure should contain the three original points, plus the three points added when the new side was completed.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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20:07:44

You added the two new endpoints when you extended the sides. You then should have marked two new points on the new third side, so that each side contains 4 points including its endpoints. Your figure will now contain 10 marked points.

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RESPONSE -->

4 on the new 10

self critique assessment: 0

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20:09:49

`q003. Continue the process for another step-extend each side by a distance equal to the original point-to-point distance. How many points do you have in the new triangle?

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RESPONSE -->

14

confidence assessment: 0

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20:11:51

You will add an endpoint to each newly extended side, so each of the new sides will contain 5 points. You will then have to add 3 equally spaced points to the new side, giving you a total of 13 points on the new triangle. In addition there are two marked points inside the triangle, for a total of 15 points.

Click on 'Next Picture' to see the construction. The line segments along two sides of the triangle have again been extended and points marked at the ends of these segments. The new endpoints have been connected to form the third side of a larger triangle, and equally spaced points have been constructed along that side.

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RESPONSE -->

I understand that it goes up by 1 each time

there are 2 then 3 then 4 then5

self critique assessment: 2

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20:12:55

`q004. Continue the process for one more step. How many points do you have in the new triangle?

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RESPONSE -->

21

confidence assessment: 3

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20:13:02

You will add an endpoint to each newly extended side, so each of the new sides will contain 6 points. You will then have to add 4 equally spaced points to the new side, giving you a total of 15 points on the new triangle. There are also 5 marked points inside the triangle for a total of 21 marked points.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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20:13:32

`q005. The sequence of marked points is 3, 6, 10, 15, 21. What do expect will be the next number in this sequence?

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RESPONSE -->

28

confidence assessment: 3

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20:13:38

The differences between these numbers are 3, 4, 5, 6. The next difference, according to this pattern, should be 7, which would make the next number 28.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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20:17:15

`q006. How can you tell, in terms of the process you used to construct these triangles, that the next number should be 7 greater?

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RESPONSE -->

Each new line contains one more point than the previous one

confidence assessment: 3

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20:17:25

When you extend the triangle again, you will add two new endpoints and each side will now have 7 points. The 7 points on the new triangle will be all of the new points.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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20:18:51

`q007. How do you know this sequence will continue in this manner?

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RESPONSE -->

Because when the line is extended more in equal increments it will be 1 more point then the previous one that was increased

confidence assessment: 3

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20:19:02

Each time you extend the triangle, each side increases by 1. All the new marked points are on the new side, so the total number of marked points will increase by 1 more than with the previous extension.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 3

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