Assignment 22

course Mth 163

022. `query 22

Precalculus I

11-07-2007

......!!!!!!!!...................................

12:07:33

Explain why the function y = x^-p has a vertical asymptote at x = 0.

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

Because as x gets closer to 0, x^p gets closer to 0. Dividing 1 by a number that gets constantly closer to 0 gave me a result with a much larger magnitude.

There is no limit to how close x can get to 0, therefore, is no limit to how many times x^p can divide into 1.

This results in y = x^p values that get close to infinite distance from the x -axis. The graph therefore, obviously, approaches a vertical limit.

confidence assessment: 2

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

12:25:50

** x^-p = 1 / x^p.

As x gets closer to 0, x^p gets closer to 0. Dividing 1 by a number which gets closer and closer to 0 gives us a result with larger and larger magnitude.

There is no limit to how close x can get to 0, so there is no limit to how many times x^p can divide into 1.

This results in y = x^p values that approach infinite distance from the x axis. The graph therefore approaches a vertical limit. **

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

When I reviewed the correct answer, it was a lot like my answer. I understand this question when I sit down and really think about the steps and when I take my time to make sure I do not mess up my answer in some way.

self critique assessment: 3

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

12:48:50

Explain why the function y = (x-h)^-p has a vertical asymptote at x = h.

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

Because as x gets closer to h, (x-h)^p gets closer to 0. Dividing 1 by a number which gets very close to 0 which gave me a result with a much larger magnitude.

There is no limit to how close x can get to h, therefore, there is no limit to how many times (x-h)^p can divide into 1.

This results in y = (x-h)^p values that get close to an infinite distance from the x axis as x approaches h. The graph therefore approaches a vertical limit.

confidence assessment: 3

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

13:12:18

** (x-h)^-p = 1 / (x-h)^p.

As x gets closer to h, (x-h)^p gets closer to 0. Dividing 1 by a number which gets closer and closer to 0 gives us a result with larger and larger magnitude.

There is no limit to how close x can get to h, so there is no limit to how many times (x-h)^p can divide into 1.

This results in y = (x-h)^p values that approach infinite distance from the x axis as x approaches h. The graph therefore approaches a vertical limit.

This can also be seen as a horizontal shift of the y = x^-p function. Replacing x by x - h shifts the graph h units in the x direction, so the asymptote at x = 0 shifts to x = h. **

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

This was the same process as the question before. I like having multiple problems that involve the same steps because if I get it wrong the first time, I can correct it the second time or if I know how to do the problem from the beginning I can use the alike questions to master the steps of that particular problem.

self critique assessment: 3

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

13:36:17

Explain why the function y = (x-h)^-p is identical to that of x^-p except for the shift of h units in the x direction.

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

The x value at which a y value occurs is shifted h number of units.

For example, y = x^p equals zero when x = 0, but y = (x - h)^p equals zero when x = h

confidence assessment: 3

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

13:50:29

STUDENT ANSWER: You end up with the exact same y values but at the different position of x changed by the h value.

INSTRUCTOR COMMENT: Good start. More specifically the x value at which a given y value occurs is shifted h units, so that for example y = x^p is zero when x = 0, but y = (x - h)^p is zero when x = h.

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

I thought this was an easy one.

self critique assessment: 3

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

13:59:28

Give your table (increment .4) showing how the y = x^-3 function can be transformed first into y = (x - .4) ^ -3, then into y = -2 (x - .4) ^ -3, and finally into y = -2 (x - .4) ^ -3 + .6.

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

confidence assessment:

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

14:16:02

table has each transformation across the top with beginning x value in first column then each change to x to get the y values in resulting columns

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

I didn't understand the question, but I got it now. I was just supposed to explain how the graph would look.

self critique assessment: 3

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

14:22:48

** The table is as follows (note that column headings might not line up correctly with the columns):

x y=x^-3 y= (x-.4)^-3 y= -2(x-.4)^-3 y= -2(x-.4)^-3 +.6

0.8 1.953 15.625 31.25 31.85

0.4 15.625 div/0 0 0.6

0 div/0 -15.625 -31.25 -30.65

-0.4 -15.625 -1.953 3.906 4.506

-0.8 -1.953 -0.579 1.158 1.758

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

I got it. After going back and reviewing the question and working out my own table, I see how the conclusion is reached.

self critique assessment: 3

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

14:39:11

Explain how your table demonstrates this transformation and describe the graph that depicts the transformation.

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

After constructing my table, I get y = x^-3 transforms into y = (x - .4)^-3, which shifts the basic point .4 units to the right. The vertical asymptote at the y axis (x = 0) shifts to the vertical line x = .4. The x axis is a horizontal asymptote.

y = -2 (x - .4)^-3 vertically stretches the graph by a factor of ( -2), moving every point double as far from the x axis as well as moving it to the opposite side of the x axis. This leaves the vertical line x = .4 as a vertical asymptote. The x axis remains a horizontal asymptote.

y = -2 ( x - .4)^-3 + 6 vertically shifts the graph up 6 units. This raises the horizontal asymptote to x = 6.

confidence assessment: 2

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

14:47:42

y = x^-3 transforms into y = (x - .4)^-3, shifting the basic points .4 unit to the right. The vertical asymptote at the y axis (x = 0) shifts to the vertical line x = .4. The x axis is a horizontal asymptote.

y = -2 (x - .4)^-3 vertically stretches the graph by factor -2, moving every point twice as far from the x axis and also to the opposite side of the x axis. This leaves the vertical line x = .4 as a vertical asymptote. The x axis remains a horizontal asymptote.

y = -2 ( x - .4)^-3 + 6 vertically shifts the graph +6 units. This has the effect of maintaining the shape of the graph but raising the horizontal asymptote to x = 6.

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

This problem was simple after constructing the table to look the appropriate way.

self critique assessment: 3

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

14:58:24

Describe your graphs of y = x ^ .5 and y = 3 x^.5. Describe how your graph depicts the ratios of y values between the two functions.

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

This is a power function y = x^p with p = .5.

The basic points of y = x^.5 would be (0, 0), (.5, .707), (1, 1), (2, 1.414).

y = 3 x^.5 vertically stretches the graph of y = x^.5 by a factor of 3, giving me the basic points of (0, 0), (.5, 2.12), (1, 3) and (2, 4.242).

This graph is also increasing at a decreasing rate, staying 3 times as far from the x axis as the graph of the original y = x^.5.

confidence assessment: 3

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

15:11:22

*&*& This is a power function y = x^p with p = .5.

The basic points of y = x^.5 are (0, 0), (.5, .707), (1, 1), (2, 1.414). Attempting to find a basic point at x = -1 we find that -1^-.5 is not a real number, leading us to the conclusion that y = x^.5 is not defined for negative values of x. The graph therefore begins at the origin and increases at a decreasing rate. However since we can make x^.5 as large as we wish by making x sufficiently large, there is no horizontal asymptote.

y = 3 x^.5 vertically stretches the graph of y = x^.5 by factor 3, giving us basic ponits (0, 0), (.5, 2.12), (1, 3) and (2, 4.242). This graph is also increasing at a decreasing rate, staying 3 times as far from the x axis as the graph of the original y = x^.5.

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

I left out a little bit, but i really like this question because this is something like what we learned in Biology the other day, so now I know exactly how to do it and I can use it here as well as in Biology.

self critique assessment: 3

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

15:24:30

problem 6.

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment:

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

15:40:12

Explain why the graph of A f(x-h) + k is different than the graph of A [ f(x-h) + k ], and describe the difference.

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

First, the first graph is obtained from y = f(x) by vertically stretching factor A, then horizontally shifting h units and then eventually vertically shifting k units.

The graph of A [f(x-h) + k] is found by first solving what is located inside of the brackets, horizontally shifting h units then vertically shifting k units before doing the vertical stretch by factor A. Therefore, the vertical stretch applies to the vertical shift in addition to the values of the function. This results in different y coordinates as well as a graph that often looks different.

confidence assessment: 3

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

15:55:21

** The first graph is obtained from y = f(x) by first vertically stretching by factor A, then horizontall shifting h units and finally vertically shifting k units.

The graph of A [f(x-h) + k] is obtained by first doing what is in brackets, horizontally shifting h units then vertically shifting k units before doing the vertical stretch by factor A. Thus the vertical stretch applies to the vertical shift in addition to the values of the function. This results in different y coordinates and a typically a very different graph.

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

Thumbs up!

self critique assessment: 3

.................................................

......!!!!!!!!...................................

16:15:44

Query Add comments on any surprises or insights you experienced as a result of this assignment.

......!!!!!!!!...................................

RESPONSE -->

I really feel like I am catching on to everything very well. I hope I do as well on Test 2 as I did on Test 1. Hopefully, this time I can make sure I don't make silly careless mistakes and maybe get an high A. Thank you for everything Mr. Smith.

self critique assessment: 3

Good luck. I hope you make 100.