Query 111

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course Mth 277

10/29 2

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Question: `q001. Let f(x,y,z) = x^2*y*e^3x + (x - y + z)^2. Find the following expressions.

f(0,0,0)

f(1,-1,1)

f(-1,1,-1)

d/dx(f(x,x,x))

d/dy(f(1,y,1))

d/dz(f(1,1,z^2))

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Your solution:

OK, these were fine

confidence rating #$&*:

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Given Solution:

f(x, x, x) = x^2 * x * e^(3x) + (x - x + x)^2 = x^3 e^(3x) + x^2.

So (d/dx) f(x, x, x) is the x derivative of this expression, equal to

(x^3) ' * e^(3x) + x^3 * e^(3x) ' + (x^2) ' = 3 x^2 e^(3x) + 3 x^3 e^(3x) + 2 x = 3 (x^2 + x^3) e^(3x) + 2x.

f(1, y, 1) = 1 * y^2 * e^(3 * 1) + (1 - y + 1)^2 = y^2 * e^3 + (2-y)^2.

The derivative with respect to y of this expression is 2 y e^3 - 2 ( 2 - y), which simplifies to 2 y ( e^3 + 1) - 4.

f(1, 1, z^2) = e^3 + z^2; the z derivative of this expression is 2 z.

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Self-critique (if necessary):

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Question: `q002. Find the domain and range of the function f(u,v) = sqrt(u cos v).

sqrt( u cos(v)) is defined when u cos(v) >= 0.

This occurs when u >= 0 and cos(v) >= 0, or when u <= 0 and cos(v) <= 0.

u >= 0 on the right-hand half of the u-v plane.

cos(v) >= 0 when -pi/2 <= v <= pi/2, or more generally when -pi/2 + 2 n pi <= v <= pi/2 + 2 n pi, for n = ..., -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, ... . The corresponding regions of the u-v plane are alternating infinite horizontal strips of width pi.

The domain corresponding to u >= 0 and cos(v) >= 0 are therefore alternating horizontal strips in the right half-plane.

The domain corresponding to u <= 0 and cos(v) <= 0 are alternating the horizontal strips in the left half-plane corresponding to pi/2 + 2 n pi <= v <= 3 pi/2 + 2 n pi.

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Your solution:

domain is the set of all ordered pairs (x,y) where sqrt(ucos(v)) is defined where ucos(v) >= 0 or <=0.

range is z=sqrt(ucos(v)) when again ucos(v) >= 0 or <=0.

being that the sqrt cannot be defined when it is negative. thus two negatives result in a positive, which is why you can have u and v < 0.

the range for f is the set of all numbers z = sqrt(ucos(v)) for (x,y) in the domain ucos(v) >=0.

confidence rating #$&*:

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Given Solution:

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Self-critique (if necessary):

The solution given was actually in the question, but i'm fuzzy on how you chose pi/2 +2n for the domain values.

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Self-critique rating:

@& The right-hand half of the plane is between v = -pi/2 and v = pi/2.

If you add 2 pi to each of these values you get v = 2 pi - pi / 2 and v = 2 pi + pi / 2. It's still the right half-plane, and the values of the cosine are still the same.

If you add 4 pi to each you get v = 4 pi - pi / 2 and v = 4 pi + pi / 2. Again it's the right-hand half of the plane and you get the samve values of cos(v).

This can continue indefinitely. In general you can add 2 n pi, where n can be any integer (including zero and negative integers).*@

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Question: `q003. Sketch and describe the level surface f(x,y,z) = 1 when f(x,y,z) = 2x^2 + 2z^2 - y.

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Your solution:

topographical maps seem to be based on these types of level drawings, so of course, they resemble a topographical map of something like a mountain with varying slope at varying heights.

I can see that its an elipse. but thats about it.

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Given Solution:

This corresponds to the equation 2 x^2 + 2 z^2 - y = 1. This is a quadric surface, an elliptic paraboloid. Its intersection with any plane parallel to the x-y plane, and also with any plane parallel to the y-z plane, is a parabola.

Its intersection with any surface parallel to the x-z plane is either an ellipse (for y < -1), the point (0, 0, -1) for the plane y = -1, and empty for y > -1.

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Self-critique (if necessary):

How do you know it just corresponds to that equation? I dont see this equation anywhere in the book. how many other equations similar to this are there or do we need to know?

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Self-critique rating:

@& f(x, y, z) =2 x^2 + 2 z^2 - y.

f(x, y, z) = 1.

So 2 x^2 + 2 z^2 - y = 1.*@

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Question: `q004.

According to the ideal gas law, PV = kT where P is pressure, V is volume, T is temperature, and k is some constant. Suppose a tank contains 3500in^3 of some gas at a pressure of 24lb/in^2 when the temperature is 270K.

Determine k for this gas.

Express T as a function of P and V using the k found in the previous step and describe the isotherms.

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Your solution:

k = 311.1 lb*in / K

T = .003K/lb*in

being that an isotherm connects points of temperature at a given rate. this would mean that T and K would have to be constants

confidence rating #$&*:

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Given Solution:

k = P V / T = 24 lb/in^3 * 3500 in^3 / (270 K) = 320 lb / K, approx..

So T = P V / k = P V / (320 lb/K) = .003 K / lb * P V.

An isotherm occurs when T is constant, in which case

P V = constant

and

P = constant / V.

This is a hyperbola in the P V plane, asymptotic to the x and y axes, with the line P = V as the axis of symmetry. (very similar to the graph of y = 1 / x).

The constant is ( .003 K / lb ) / T. The greater the value of T, the greater the constant and the further the hyperbola's closest approach to the origin.

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Self-critique (if necessary):

I see that you have in^3 where in the question was in^2 but nonetheless its just algebra.

I messed up on the isotherm part, I said T AND K should be constant, but now that i think about it, temperature changes as pressure and volume changes, so if temperature was constant, nothing else would change,

so If only T is constant, you are left with like you said P V = constant.

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Self-critique rating:"

@& I did mess up those units.

Do what I say, not what I do.*@

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#*&!

@& Looks good overall.

Let me know if my notes haven't answered your questions.*@