OpenQuery10

course PHY 121

9/14

010. `query 10*********************************************

Question: Describe two ways to find the KE gain of an object of known mass under the influence of a known force acting for a given time, one way based on finding the distance the object moves and the other on the change in the velocity of the object, and explain why both approaches reach the same conclusion.

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Your solution: One way would be to use KE = Fnet * `ds. Secondly, since KE = KEF – KEO, we can substitute the values for each of these terms, respectively, to get .5m*vF^2 - .5m*v0^2.

confidence rating: 2/3

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Given Solution: First way: KE change is equal to the work done by the net force, which is net force * displacement, or Fnet * `ds.

Second way: KE change is also equal to Kef - KE0 = .5 m vf^2 - .5 m v0^2. **

STUDENT QUESTION:I wasn’t sure what equation to use to find KE the second way. What does Kef stand for?

INSTRUCTOR RESPONSE: In general f stands for 'final' and 0 for 'initial'. Just as v0 and vf stand for initial and final velocities, we'll use KEf and KE0 to stand for initial and final kinetic energies.

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Self-critique (if necessary):OK

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Question: `qGeneral College Physics and Principles of Physics: convert 35 mi/hr to km/hr, m/s and ft/s.

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Your solution: There are 1.61km per mile. So 35m/hr *1.61km/m = 56.4km/hr. 56.4km/hr * 1000m/k * 1hr/60m * 1m/60s = 15.7m/s. 15.7m/s * 3.3ft/m = 51.81 ft/s.

confidence rating: 2

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Given Solution: We need a conversions between miles and meters, km and ft, and we also need conversions between hours and seconds.

We know that 1 mile is 5280 ft, and 1 hour is 3600 seconds. We also know that 1 inch is 2.54 cm, and of course 1 foot is 12 inches.

1 mile is therefore 1 mile * 5280 ft / mile = 5280 ft,

5280 ft = 5280 ft * 12 in/ft * 2.54 cm / in = 160934 cm, which is the same as 160934 cm * 1 m / (100 cm) = 1609.34 m, which in turn is the same as 1609.34 m * 1 km / (1000 m) = 1.60934 km.

Thus

35 mi / hr = 35 mi / hr * (1.60934 km / 1 mi) = 56 (mi * km / (mi * hr) ) = 56 (mi / mi) * (km / hr) = 56 km / hr.

We can in turn convert this result to m / s: 56 km/hr * (1000 m / km) * (1 hr / 3600 sec) = 15.6 (km * m * hr) / (hr * km * sec) = 15.6 (km / km) * (hr / hr) * (m / s) = 15.6 m/s.

The original 35 mi/hr can be converted directly to ft / sec: 35 mi/hr * ( 5280 ft / mi) * ( 1 hr / 3600 sec) = 53.33 ft/sec.

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Self-critique (if necessary): OK – my numbers were a bit different but I think it’s because I didn’t round exactly the way you did or use the same exact conversions.

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Question: `qGen phy and prin phy prob 2.16: sports car 95 km/h stops in 6.2 s; find acceleration

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Your solution: 95km/h * 1000m/1km * 1hr/3600s = 26.4m/s. `dt = 6.2s. `dv = -26.4m/s/ -(26.4m/s)/6.2s = -4.3m/s^2

confidence rating: 3

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Given Solution: ** 95 km/hr = 95,000 m / (3600 sec) = 26.3 m/s.

So change in velocity is `dv = 0 m/s - 26.3 m/s = -26.3 m/s.

Average acceleration is aAve = `dv / `dt = -26.3 m/s / (6.2 s) = -4.2 m/s^2.

Acceleration is rate of velocity change = change in velocity / change in clock time = -25 m/s / (4 s) = -4.2 m/s^2.

Extension: One 'g' is the acceleration of gravity, 9.8 m/s^2. So the given acceleration is

-4.2m/s^2 / [ (9.8 m/s^2) / 'g' ] = -.43 'g'.

STUDENT QUESTION: How did we know that the initial velocity was 0?

INSTRUCTOR RESPONSE: The initial velocity wasn't 0. The final velocity was 0, because the car came to rest.

Summary of what we were given:

• Initial velocity is 95 km/hr, or 26.3 m/s.

• Final velocity is 0, since the car came to rest.

• The velocity makes this change in a time interval of 6.2 seconds.

We can easily reason out the result using the definition of acceleration:

The acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes with respect to clock time, which by the definition of rate is (change in velocity) / (change in clock time)

The change in velocity from the initial 26.3 m/s to the final 0 m/s is -26.3 m/s, so

acceleration = change in velocity / change in clock time = -26.3 m/s / (6.2 s) = -4.2 m/s^2.

We could also have used the equations of uniformly accelerated motion, with v0 = 26.3 m/s, vf = 0 and `dt = 6.2 seconds. However in this case it is important to understand that the definition of acceleration can be applied directly, with no need of the equations. (solution using equations: 2d equation is vf = v0 + a `dt, which includes our three known quantities; solving for a we get a = (vf - v0) / `dt = (0 m/s - 26.3 m/s) / (6.2 s) = -4.2 m/s^2.)

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Self-critique (if necessary):OK

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Self-critique Rating:

&#This looks good. Let me know if you have any questions. &#