course Phy 201 6/29 7:30 015. Impulse-Momentum
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Given Solution: The acceleration of the object will be accel = net force / mass = 10 Newtons / (2 kg) = 5 m/s^2. In 3 seconds this implies a change of velocity `dv = 5 m/s^2 * 3 s = 15 meters/second. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Self-critique (if necessary): OK Self-critique Assessment: OK ********************************************* Question: `q002. By how much did the quantity m * v change during these three seconds? What is the product Fnet * `dt of the net force and the time interval during which it acted? How do these two quantities compare? YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY Your solution: Mass=2kg Initial velocity=5 vf=15 so 10kg*m/sec as compared to 2kg(15m/s) which is 30kg*m/sec. this is also 10N and 30N. This shows that as time passed the force acting on the object increased from 10 N to 30 N. Force_net(‘dt)=10N*3 sec or 30 N Confidence Assessment: 3 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Given Solution: Since m remained constant at 2 kg and v changed by `dv = 15 meters/second, it follows that m * v changed by 2 kg * 15 meters/second = 30 kg meters/second. Fnet *`dt is 10 Newtons * 3 seconds = 30 Newton * seconds = 30 kg meters/second^2 * seconds = 30 kg meters/second. The two quantities m * `dv and Fnet * `dt are identical. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Self-critique (if necessary): OK Self-critique Assessment:OK ********************************************* Question: `q003. The quantity m * v is called the momentum of the object. The quantity Fnet * `dt is called the impulse of the net force. The Impulse-Momentum Theorem states that the change in the momentum of an object during a time interval `dt must be equal to the impulse of the average net force during that time interval. Note that it is possible for an impulse to be delivered to a changing mass, so that the change in momentum is not always simply m * `dv; however in non-calculus-based physics courses the effective changing mass will not be considered. If an average net force of 2000 N is applied to a 1200 kg vehicle for 1.5 seconds, what will be the impulse of the force? YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY Your solution: Impulse force= 2000N(1.5 sec) which would be 3000 N*sec. Confidence Assessment: 3 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Given Solution: The impulse of the force will be Fnet * `dt = 2000 Newtons * 1.5 seconds = 3000 Newton*seconds = 3000 kg meters/second. Note that the 1200 kg mass has nothing to do with the magnitude of the impulse.STUDENT COMMENT: That's a little confusing. Would it work to take the answer I got of 3234 N and add back in the weight of the person at 647 N to get 3881? INSTRUCTOR RESPONSE: Not a good idea, though it works in this case. Net force = mass * acceleration. That's where you need to start with problems of this nature.Then write an expression for the net force, which will typically include but not be limited to the force you are looking for. *&*& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Self-critique (if necessary): OK Self-critique Assessment:OK ********************************************* Question: `q004. If an average net force of 2000 N is applied to a 1200 kg vehicle for 1.5 seconds, what will be change in the velocity of the vehicle? YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY Your solution: First we find impulse force which is =2000N(1.5sec) which is 3000N*sec We then take this impuse force and use it to find velocity. Momentum change=mass(velocity) So we have 1200Kg(unknown velocity) We therefore need to find momentum change which would be our 3000N*s or 3000Kg*m/s This gives a final velocity change equal to 3000/1200 which is 2.5m/s Confidence Assessment: 3 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Given Solution: The impulse of the 2000 Newton force is equal to the change in the momentum of the vehicle. The impulse is impulse = Fnet * `dt = 2000 Newtons * 1.5 seconds = 3000 Newton*seconds = 3000 kg meters/second. The change in momentum is m * `dv = 1200 kg * `dv. Thus 1200 kg * `dv = 3000 kg m/s, so `dv = 3000 kg m/s / (1200 kg) = 2.5 m/s. In symbols we have Fnet * `dt = m `dv so that `dv = Fnet * `dt / m. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Self-critique (if necessary): OK Self-critique Assessment:OK ********************************************* Question: `q005. Use the Impulse-Momentum Theorem to determine the average force required to change the velocity of a 1600 kg vehicle from 20 m/s to 25 m/s in 2 seconds. YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY Your solution: 5m/sec(1600Kg)=impulse force which would be 8000N(sec) 8000N(sec)=netforce(2sec) So net force = 4000N Confidence Assessment: 3 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Given Solution: The vehicle changes velocity by 5 meters/second so the change in its momentum is m * `dv = 1600 kg * 5 meters/second = 8000 kg meters/second. This change in momentum is equal to the impulse Fnet * `dt, so Fnet * 2 sec = 8000 kg meters/second and so Fnet = 8000 kg meters/second / (2 seconds) = 4000 kg meters/second^2 = 4000 Newtons. In symbols we have Fnet * `dt = m * `dv so that Fnet = m * `dv / `dt = 1600 kg * 5 m/s / ( 2 s) = 4000 kg m/s^2 = 4000 N. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Self-critique (if necessary): OK Self-critique Assessment: OK "