Your 'bottle thermometer' report has been received. Scroll down through the document to see any comments I might have inserted, and my final comment at the end.
** Your optional message or comment: **
** What happens when you pull water up into the vertical tube then remove the tube from your mouth? **
When I removed my mouth from the tube the water in the vertical did as I expected and fell back into the bottle. Nothing happens to the length of the air column. The water falls because the system is opened to atmosphere so the increased pressure inside the bottle pushing the water up the vertical tube cannot be maintained.
** What happens when you remove the pressure-release cap? **
If you remove the cap from the pressure valve tube I expect air would escape from the system.
However the water in the vertical tube does not fall when the pressure valve tube is opened because the pressure on the system is maintained by the force of my drawing water up through the tube.
** What happened when you blew a little air into the bottle? **
As I blew into the bottle the air column in the pressure indicating tube increased that is the water column move more toward the capped end of the tub leaving more air in the side of the tube near the bottle and less on the other side of the water column. It did this because the pressure in the system increased. The air column did not move back to its orginal position when I removed the tube from my mouth; it made no movement at all when I removed the tube from my mouth.
After I removed the vertical tube from my mouth it filled with water.
Because by blowing I increased the amount of air inside the bottle increasing the pressure the water was displaced upward through the tube. Also the pressure increase was shown by the change in air column in the pressure indicating tube. I would have anticipated the change in air column but not the refill of the vertical tube with water nor the fact that the pressure indicating tube does not return to its orginial position.
** Your estimate of the pressure difference due to a 1% change in pressure, the corresponding change in air column height, and the required change in air temperature: **
1,000 N/m^2
.11 cm
1%
I found the change in N/m^2 because one Pa equal 1 N/m^2 so I took 1% of 100,000 Pa to get 1,000 N/m^2.
To find the corresponding change in air column I took 1% of its length.
And to find the % air temp change I set up a proportion since pressure and temperature are directly proportional.
** Your estimate of degrees of temperature change, amount of pressure change and change in vertical position of water column for 1% temperature change: **
3 degree
300 N/m^2
.033 cm
I set up proportions with the information I had found earlier.
** The temperature change corresponding to a 1 cm difference in water column height, and to a 1 mm change: **
30 degrees
3 degrees
I divided 1 by .033 to get the degrees per centimeter and since a milimeter is one tenth of a centimeter I divided the temperature change by 10 to get the temperature change per mm.
** water column position (cm) vs. thermometer temperature (Celsius) **
I was off by a power of ten. Most likely a math error.
0, 81.2
0, 81.0
0, 81.0
0, 80.9
0, 81.0
0, 81.2
0, 81.1
0, 81.1
0, 80.9
0, 80.8
0, 80.8
0, 80.8
0, 80.9
0, 81.0
0, 80.8
0. 80.8
0, 80.9
** Trend of temperatures; estimates of maximum deviation of temperature based on both air column and alcohol thermometer. **
There was no clear trend of temperature flucation. I think any flucation was in fact due to error of reading and not actual temperature change. The maximum deviation .2 degrees.
** Water column heights after pouring warm water over the bottle: **
81.1
Water column Altitudes (every 15 sec for 10 min)
26 cm
16.5
11.5
9
7
5.5
5
4.7
4.5
4.3
4.2
4.1
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.8
3.6
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.1
3
3
3
2.9
2.9
2.9
2.9
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
** Response of the system to indirect thermal energy from your hands: **
yes, it raised it by 2 cm.
** position of meniscus in horizontal tube vs. alcohol thermometer temperature at 30-second intervals **
0, 81.5
0, 81.5
0, 81.6
0, 81.4
0, 81.5
0, 81.3
0, 81.1
0, 81.4
0, 81.6
0, 81.5
0, 81.6
** What happened to the position of the meniscus in the horizontal tube when you held your warm hands near the container? **
The water moved 30 cm and almost out the end of the open tube.
** Pressure change due to movement of water in horizonal tube, volume change due to 10 cm change in water position, percent change in air volume, change in temperature, difference if air started at 600 K: **
The pressure in the bottle was increasing pushing the water through the horizontal tub.
7.068*10^-7 m^3
a very small fraction of a percent
8.5*10^-8 degrees
If the air temp was higher then the change in pressure would be greater thus affecting the change in volume because volume in inversely proportional to pressure.
** Why weren't we concerned with changes in gas volume with the vertical tube? **
Because it is working against gravity not against the volume. No it would not have made a signigcant difference in our estimates of temp change.
** Pressure change to raise water 6 cm, necessary temperature change in vicinity of 300 K, temperature change required to increase 3 L volume by .7 cm^3: **
5.8*10^7kPa
I'm not sure how to do this.
I know you use the Ideal gas law, but the numbers I'm getting don't seem correct.
T2 / T1 = V2 / V1 so T2 / (300 K) = 3.0007 liters / 3.0000 liters.
** The effect of a 1 degree temperature increase on the water column in a vertical tube, in a horizontal tube, and the slope required to halve the preceding result: **
.3 degrees
I'm not sure how to do the last two parts.
** Optional additional comments and/or questions: **
I think the heat was the reason I didn't have temperature flucuations
See my notes and let me know if you have questions.