assignment 11

course mth 158

6/30 11

011. `* 11

* 1.2.13 \ 5. Explain, step by step, how you solved the equation z^2 - z - 6 = 0 using factoring.

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Your solution:

Factor the trinomial

z^2 - 3z - 2z - 6 = 0

Factor by grouping

z(z-3) + 2 (z-3) = 0

(z-3) (z+2) = 0

Set each term = 0

z - 3 = 0

z + 2 = 0

Solve

z = 3

z = -2

{-2, 3}

confidence rating #$&*3

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Given Solution:

* * STUDENT SOLUTION WITH INSTRUCTOR COMMENT:

I factored this and came up with

(z + 2)(z - 3) = 0

Which broke down to

z + 2 = 0 and z - 3 = 0

This gave me the set {-2, 3}

-2 however, doesn't check out, but only 3 does, so the solution is:

z = 3

INSTRUCTOR COMMENT: It's good that you're checking out the solutions, because sometimes we get extraneous

roots. But note that -2 also checks: (-2)^2 - (-2) - 6 = 4 + 2 - 6 = 0. **

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Self-critique (if necessary):

OK

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Self-critique rating #$&*OK

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Question: * 1.2.14 (was 1.3.6). Explain how you solved the equation v^2+7v+6=0 by factoring.

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Your solution:

v^2 + 7v + 6 = 0

Factor the Trinomial

v^2 + 6v + 1v + 6 =0

v (v + 6) + (v + 6) = 0

Factor by grouping

(v + 6) (v + 1) = 0

Set to =0

v + 6 = 0

v + 1 = 0

Solve

v = -6

v = -1

{-1, -6}

confidence rating #$&*3

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Given Solution:

* * STUDENT SOLUTION:

v^2+7v+6=0. This factors into

(v + 1) (v + 6) = 0, which has solutions

v + 1 = 0 and v + 6 = 0, giving us

v = {-1, -6}

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Self-critique (if necessary):

OK

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Self-critique rating #$&*OK

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Question: * 1.2.20 (was 1.3.12). Explain how you solved the equation x(x+4)=12 by factoring.

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Your solution:

x (x + 4) = 12

Turn into a trinomial

x (x + 4) - 12 = 0

Distrubitive property

x^2 + 4x - 12 = 0

Factor the trinomial

x^2 + 6x - 2x - 12 = 0

x (x+ 6) - 2(x - 6) =0

(x + 6) (x-2) = 0

Set to zero

x + 6 = 0

x - 2 = 0

Solve

x = -6

x = 2

{-6, 2}

confidence rating #$&*3

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

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Given Solution:

* * Starting with

x(x+4)=12 apply the Distributive Law to the left-hand side:

x^2 + 4x = 12 add -12 to both sides:

x^2 + 4x -12 = 0 factor:

(x - 2)(x + 6) = 0 apply the zero property:

(x - 2) = 0 or (x + 6) = 0 so that

x = {2 , -6} **

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Self-critique (if necessary):

OK

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Self-critique rating #$&*OK

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Question: * 1.2.26 \ 38 (was 1.3.18). Explain how you solved the equation x + 12/x = 7 by factoring.

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Your solution:

x + 12/x 7

Multiply by the denominator on both sides to eliminate the fraction.

x (x + 12/ x) = 7x

x^2 + 12 = 7x

Subtract 7x to get a trinomial.

x^2 - 7x + 12 = 0

Factor the trinomial and by grouping.

x^2 -4x - 3x + 12 = 0

x ( x-4) 3(x-4) = 0

(x-4) (x-3) = 0

Set to 0

x - 4 = 0

x - 3 = 0

Solve

x = 4

x = 3

{3, 4}

confidence rating #$&*3

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

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Given Solution:

* * Starting with

x + 12/x = 7 multiply both sides by the denominator x:

x^2 + 12 = 7 x add -7x to both sides:

x^2 -7x + 12 = 0 factor:

(x - 3)(x - 4) = 0 apply the zero property

x-3 = 0 or x-4 = 0 so that

x = {3 , 4} **

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Self-critique (if necessary):

OK

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Self-critique rating #$&* OK

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Question: * 1.2.32 (was 1.3.24). Explain how you solved the equation (x+2)^2 = 1 by the square root

method.

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Your solution:

(x+2)^2 = 1

Find the square of both sides

sqrt of (x+2)^2 = +- sqrt (1)

x+2 = +-1

Solve for both resulting equations.

x + 2 = 1

x = -1

x + 2 = -1

x = -3

x = {-1, -3}

confidence rating #$&*3

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

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Given Solution:

* * (x + 2)^2 = 1 so that

x + 2 = ± sqrt(1) giving us

x + 2 = 1 or x + 2 = -1 so that

x = {-1, -3} **

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Self-critique (if necessary):OK

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Self-critique rating #$&*OK

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Question: * 1.2.44 (was 1.3.36). Explain how you solved the equation x^2 + 2/3 x - 1/3 = 0 by completing

the square.

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Your solution:

x^2 + 2/3x -1/3 = 0

Multiply by 3 to eliminate fractions

3x^2 + 2x -1 = 0

Factor Trinomial

3x^2 + 3x - x - 1 = 0

Factor by grouping

3x (x + 1) - (x - 1) =0

(x + 1) (3x-1) = 0

Apply the zero property

x + 1 = 0

x = -1

3x -1 = 0

3x = 1

3x = 1/3

x = {-1, 1/3}

confidence rating #$&*3

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

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Given Solution:

* * x^2 + 2/3x - 1/3 = 0. Multiply both sides by the common denominator 3 to get

3 x^2 + 2 x - 1 = 0. Factor to get

(3x - 1) ( x + 1) = 0. Apply the zero property to get

3x - 1 = 0 or x + 1 = 0 so that

x = 1/3 or x = -1.

STUDENT QUESTION:

The only thing that confuses me is the 1/3. Is that because of the 3x?

INSTRUCTOR RESPONSE:

You got the equation

(3x - 1) ( x + 1) = 0.

The product of two numbers can be zero only if one of the numbers is zero.

So (3x - 1) ( x + 1) = 0 means that

3x - 1 = 0 or x + 1 = 0. You left out this step in your solution.

x + 1 = 0 is an equation with solution x = -1

Thus the solution to our original equation is

x = 1/3 or x = -1.

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Self-critique (if necessary):

OK

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Self-critique rating #$&*OK

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Question: * 1.2.50 \ 52 (was 1.3.42). Explain how you solved the equation x^2 + 6x + 1 = 0 using the

quadratic formula.

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Your solution:

x^2 + 6x + 1

First, define the variables.

a = 1, b = 6, c = 1

Then substitute in the quadratic formula

x = (-b +- sqrt (b^2 - 4ac))/ 2a

x = (-6 +- sqrt (6^2 - 4(1)(1))/2(1)

Then do the equations inside the radical

x = (-6 +- sqrt (36 - 4)) / 2

x = (-6 +- sqrt (32))/2

Next, pull out the squares.

x = (-6 +- 4 sqrt (2)) / 2

This gives two equations.

(-6 + 4 sqrt (2)) / 2

(-6 - 4 sqrt (2)) / 2

Then simplify.

(-3 + 2 sqrt (2))/ 2

(-3 - 2 sqrt (2))/ 2

{(-3 + 2 sqrt (2))/ 2; (-3 - 2 sqrt (2))/ 2}

confidence rating #$&*3

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Given Solution:

* * Starting with

x^2 + 6x + 1 = 0

we identify our equation as a quadratic equation, having the form a x^2 + b x + c = 0 with a = 1, b = 6

and c = 1.

We plug values into quadratic formula to get

x = [-6 ± sqrt(6^2 - 4 * 1 * 1) ] / 2 *1

x = [ -6 ± sqrt(36 - 4) / 2

x = { -6 ± sqrt (32) ] / 2

36 - 4 = 32, so x has 2 real solutions,

x = [-6 + sqrt(32) ] / 2 and

x = [-6 - sqrt(32) ] / 2

Our solution set is therefore

{ [-6 + sqrt(32) ] / 2 , [-6 - sqrt(32) ] / 2 }

Now sqrt(32) simplifies to sqrt(16) * sqrt(2) = 4 sqrt(2) so this solution set can be written

{ [-6 + 4 sqrt(2) ] / 2 , [-6 - 4 sqrt(2) ] / 2 },

and this can be simplified by dividing numerators by 2:

{ -3 + 2 sqrt(2), -3 - 2 sqrt(2) }. **

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Self-critique (if necessary):OK

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Self-critique rating #$&*OK

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Question: * 1.2.78 \ 72 (was 1.3.66). Explain how you solved the equation pi x^2 + 15 sqrt(2) x + 20 = 0

using the quadratic formula and your calculator.

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Your solution:

First, you define the terms.

a = pi, b = 15sqrt ( 2), c = 20

Then put them in the quadratic formula.

[-15sqrt(2) +- sqrt ((-15sqrt(2)^2) - 4 *pi * 20)] / 2pi

Then use the calculator to find the values

[21.21 +- sqrt (450 - 251.32)] / 6.28

Then solve

-21.21 + 14.09 / 6.28 = -1.13

-21.21 - 14.09 / 6.28 = -5.62

x={-1.13, -5.62}

confidence rating #$&*2

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Given Solution:

* * Applying the quadratic formula with a = pi, b = 15 sqrt(2) and c = 20 we get

x = [ (-15sqrt(2)) ± sqrt ( (-15sqrt(2))^2 -4(pi)(20) ) ] / ( 2 pi ).

The discriminant (-15sqrt(2))^2 - 4(pi)(20) = 225 * 2 - 80 pi = 450 - 80 pi = 198.68 approx., so there are

2 unequal real solutions.

Our expression is therefore

x = [ (-15sqrt(2)) ± sqrt(198.68)] / ( 2 pi ).

Evaluating with a calculator we get

x = { -5.62, -1.13 }.

DER**

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Self-critique (if necessary):OK

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Self-critique rating #$&*OK

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Question: * 1.2.106 \ 98 (was 1.3.90). Explain how you set up and solved an equation for the problem.

Include your equation and the reasoning you used to develop the equation. Problem (note that this

statement is for instructor reference; the full statement was in your text) box vol 4 ft^3 by cutting 1 ft

sq from corners of rectangle the L/W = 2/1.

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Your solution:

if the original was (x-2)(x-2)*1, this will be (x-2)(2x-2)*1

(x-2)(2x-2)*1 =4

Distributive

2x^2 -2x -4x +4 = 4

2x^2 - 6x + 4 = 4

Factor

2(x^2 - 3x) = 2

Subtract 2 and factor

x(x - 3) = 0

Solve

x = 0

x - 3 =0

x =3

{3}

confidence rating #$&* 2

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

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Given Solution:

* * Using x for the length of the shorter side of the rectangle the 2/1 ratio tells us that the length is

2x.

If we cut a 1 ft square from each corner and fold the 'tabs' up to make a rectangular box we see that the

'tabs' are each 2 ft shorter than the sides of the sheet. So the sides of the box will have lengths x - 2

and 2x - 2, with measurements in feet. The box so formed will have height 1 so its volume will be

volume = ht * width * length = 1(x - 2) ( 2x - 2).

If the volume is to be 4 we get the equation

1(x - 2) ( 2x - 2) = 4.

Applying the distributive law to the left-hand side we get

2x^2 - 6x + 4 = 4

Divided both sides by 2 we get

x^2 - 3x +2 = 2.

We solve by factoring. x^2 - 3x + 2 = (x - 2) ( x - 1) so we have

(x - 2) (x - 1) = 2. Subtract 2 from both sides to get

x^2 - 3 x = 0 the factor to get

x(x-3) = 0. We conclude that

x = 0 or x = 3.

We check these results to see if they both make sense and find that x = 0 does not form a box, but x = 3

does.

So our solution to the equation is x = 3.

x stands for the shorter side of the rectangle, which is therefore 3. The longer side is double the

shorter, or 6.

Thus to make the box:

We take our 3 x 6 rectangle, cut out 1 ft corners and fold it up, giving us a box with dimensions 1 ft x 1

ft x 4 ft.

This box has volume 4 cubic feet, confirming our solution to the problem.

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Self-critique (if necessary):Ok

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Self-critique rating #$&*Ok

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Question: * 1.2.108 \ 100 (was 1.3.96). Explain how you set up and solved an equation for the problem.

Include your equation and the reasoning you used to develop the equation. Problem (note that this

statement is for instructor reference; the full statement was in your text) s = -4.9 t^2 + 20 t; when 15 m

high, when strike ground, when is ht 100 m.

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Your solution:

A)

Subtract 15 from both sides, then define terms.

0 = -4.9^2 + 20t - 15

a = -4.9, b = 20, c = -15

Sub. in the quadratic formula and solve.

x = -20 +- sqrt [20^2 - 4(-4.9)(-15)] / 2(-4.9)

x = -20 +- sqrt [400 - 294] / -9.8

x = -20 +- 10.29 / -9.8

Do both resulting equations

x = -20 + 10.29 / -9.8 = .99

x = -20 - 10.29 / -9.8 = 3.09

{.99, 3.09}

B)

Set s to 0.

0 = -4.9t^2 + 20t + 0

a = -4.9, b = 20, c = 0

Substitute

x = -20 +- sqrt [20^2 - 4(-4.9)(0)] / 2(-4.9)

x = -20 +- sqrt (400) /-9.8

x = -20 + 20 / -9.8 = 0

x = -20 - 20 / 9.8

x = -40 /-9.8

x =4.08

{0, 4.08}

C)

The discriminant is negative, no solution. Object never reaches 100ft.

confidence rating #$&*

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Given Solution:

* * To find the clock time at which the object is 15 m off the ground we set the height s equal to 15 to

get the equation

-4.9t^2 + 20t = 15

Subtracting 15 from both sides we get

-4.9t^2 +20t - 15 = 0

so that

t = { -20 ± sqrt [20^2 - 4(-4.9)(-15) ] } / 2(-4.9)

Numerically these simplify to t = .99 and t = 3.09.

Interpretation:

The object passes the 15 m height on the way up at t = 99 and again on the way down at t = 3.09.

To find when the object strikes the ground we set s = 0 to get the equation

-4.9t^2 + 20t = 0

which we solve to get

t = [ -20 ± sqrt [20^2 - 4(-4.9)(0)] ] / 2(-4.9)

This simplifies to

t = [ -20 +-sqrt(20^2) ] / (2 * -4.9) = [-20 +- 20 ] / (-9.8).

The solutions simplify to t = 0 and t = 4.1 approx.

Interpretation:

The object is at the ground at t = 0, when it starts up, and at t = 4.1 seconds, when it again strikes the

ground.

To find when the altitude is 100 we set s = 100 to get

-4.9t^2 + 20t = 100.

Subtracting 100 from both sides we obtain

-4.9t^2 +20t - 100 = 0

which we solve using the quadratic formula. We get

t = [ -20 ± sqrt (20^2 - 4(-4.9)(-100)) ] / 2(-4.9)

The discriminant is 20^2 - 4 * -4.9 * -100, which turns out to be negative so we do not obtain a solution.

Interpretation:

We conclude that this object will not rise 100 ft. **

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Self-critique (if necessary):

OK

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Self-critique rating #$&* OK

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Question: * Add comments on any surprises or insights you experienced as a result of this assignment."

&#Very good responses. Let me know if you have questions. &#

#$&*