#$&* course MTH 163 If your solution to stated problem does not match the given solution, you should self-critique per instructions at
.............................................
Given Solution: If we substitute n = 1 into a(n) = a(n-1) + 2^n we get a(1) = a(1-1) + 2^1 or, since 1-1 = 0 and 2^1 = 2 a(1) = a(0) + 2. Since we are given a(0) = 3 we now have a(1) = 3 + 2 = 5. If we substitute n = 2 into a(n) = a(n-1) + 2^n we get a(2) = a(2-1) + 2^2 or, since 2-1 = 1 and 2^2 = 4 a(2) = a(1) + 4. Since in the previous step we found that a(1) = 5 we now have a(2) = 5 + 4 = 9. If we substitute n = 3 into a(n) = a(n-1) + 2^n we get a(3) = a(3-1) + 2^3 or, since 3-1 = 2 and 2^3 = 8 a(3) = a(2) + 8. Since in the previous step we found that a(2) = 9 we now have a(3) = 9 + 8 = 17. If we substitute n = 4 into a(n) = a(n-1) + 2^n we get a(4) = a(4-1) + 2^4 or, since 4-1 = 3 and 2^4 = 16 a(4) = a(3) + 16. Since in the previous step we found that a(3) = 17 we now have a(4) = 17 + 16 = 33. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Self-critique (if necessary): ------------------------------------------------ Self-critique rating: ********************************************* Question: `q002. If a(n) = 2 * a(n-1) + n with a(0) = 3, then what are the values of a(1), a(2), a(3) and a(4)? YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY Your solution: a(1) = 2 * 3 + 1 = 7. a(2) = 2 * 7 + 2 = 16. a(3) = 2 * 16 + 3 = 35. a(4) = 2 * 35 + 4 = 74. confidence rating #$&*: 3 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
.............................................
Given Solution: If we substitute n = 1 into a(n) = 2 * a(n-1) + n we get a(1) = 2 * a(1-1) + 1 or since 1-1 = 0 a(1) = 2 * a(0) + 1. Since we know that a(0) = 3 we have a(1) = 2 * 3 + 1 = 7. If we substitute n = 1 into a(n) = 2 * a(n-1) + n we get a(2) = 2 * a(2-1) + 2 or since 2-1 = 1 a(2) = 2 * a(1) + 2. Since we know that a(0) = 3 we have a(2) = 2 * 7 + 2 = 16. If we substitute n = 1 into a(n) = 2 * a(n-1) + n we get a(3) = 2 * a(3-1) + 3 or since 3-1 = 2 a(3) = 2 * a(2) + 3. Since we know that a(0) = 3 we have a(3) = 2 * 16 + 3 = 35. If we substitute n = 1 into a(n) = 2 * a(n-1) + n we get a(4) = 2 * a(4-1) + 4 or since 4-1 = 3 a(4) = 2 * a(3) + 4. Since we know that a(0) = 3 we have a(4) = 2 * 35 + 4 = 74. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Self-critique (if necessary): ------------------------------------------------ Self-critique rating: ********************************************* Question: `q003. What are the average slopes of the graph of y = x^2 + x - 2 between the x = 1 and x= 3 points, between the x = 3 and x = 5 points, between the x = 5 and x = 7 points, and between the x = 7 and x = 9 points? What is the pattern of this sequence of slopes? YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY Your solution: 10 / 2 = 5. 18 / 2 = 9. 26 / 2 = 13. 34 / 2 = 17. confidence rating #$&*: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
.............................................
Given Solution: At x = 1, 3, 5 , 7 and 9 we find by substituting that y = 0, 10, 28, 54 and 88. The x = 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 points are therefore (1,0), (3,10), (5,28), (7,54) and (9,88). The run from one point to the next is always 2. The rises are respectively 10, 18, 26 and 34. The slopes are therefore slope between x = 1 and x = 3: slope = rise / run = 10 / 2 = 5. slope between x = 3 and x = 5: slope = rise / run = 18 / 2 = 9. slope between x = 5 and x = 7: slope = rise / run = 26 / 2 = 13. slope between x = 7 and x = 9: slope = rise / run = 34 / 2 = 17. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Self-critique (if necessary): ------------------------------------------------ Self-critique rating: ********************************************* Question: `q004. If a solid stone sphere 4 inches in diameter weighs 3 pounds, then what would be the weight of a solid stone sphere 2 feet in diameter? YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY Your solution: 3 = k * 4^3 3 = 64 k k=3/64 confidence rating #$&*: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
.............................................
Given Solution: The volume of a sphere is proportional to the cube of its diameters, and weight is directly proportional to volume so we have the proportionality w = k d^3, where w and d stand for weight and diameter and k is the proportionality constant. Substituting the known weight and diameter we get 3 = k * 4^3, where we understand that the weight is in pounds and the diameter in inches. This gives us 3 = 64 k so that k = 3 / 64. Our proportionality equation is now w = 3/64 * d^3. So when the diameter is 2 feet, we first recall that diameter must be in inches and say that d = 24, which we then substitute to obtain w = 3/64 * 24^3. A simple calculation gives us the final weight w = 648. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Self-critique (if necessary): ------------------------------------------------ Self-critique rating: ********************************************* Question: `q005. Two boxes are each constructed of a single layer of cardboard. The first box is 12 inches by 18 inches by 24 inches and weighs 22 ounces; the second is 36 inches by 54 inches by 72 inches. Using proportionality determine the weight of the second box. YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY Your solution: w2 / w1 = 3^2 = 9 w2 / 22 oz = 9 w2 = 22 oz * 9 = 198 ounces confidence rating #$&*: 3 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
.............................................
Given Solution: The ratios 36/12, 54/18 and 72/24 of the corresponding sides are all the same and all equal to 3, so the dimensions of the sides of the second box are 3 times those of the first. Since the thickness of the cardboard is the same on both boxes, only the dimensions of the rectangular sides change. The only thing that matters, therefore, is the surface area of the box. The proportionality is therefore of the form w = k x^2, where w is the weight of the box and x stands any linear dimension. It follows that w2 / w1 = (x2 / x1)^2. Since as we just saw x2 / x1 = 3, we see that w2 / w1 = 3^2 = 9. Since w1 = 22 oz, we write this as w2 / 22 oz = 9. Multiplying both sides by 22 oz we see that w2 = 22 oz * 9 = 198 oz. STUDENT QUESTION I reduced the sides of each box by dividing each side measurement by 6. Then since we were looking for weight, I used the y = kx^3 formula to calculate the weight of the second box. I used y as the weight and x as the volume (l*w*h). Obviously my calculation was way off. Why wouldn’t this work? INSTRUCTOR COMMENT Presumably the cardboard is of the same thickness for both boxes. So the amount of cardboard is determined by the surface area of the the box, not the volume. If the box was filled with cardboard as well as being constructed of cardboard, then the proportionality with volume would be appropriate and your solution would be correct. " Self-critique (if necessary): ------------------------------------------------ Self-critique rating: ********************************************* Question: `q005. Two boxes are each constructed of a single layer of cardboard. The first box is 12 inches by 18 inches by 24 inches and weighs 22 ounces; the second is 36 inches by 54 inches by 72 inches. Using proportionality determine the weight of the second box. YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY Your solution: w2 / w1 = 3^2 = 9 w2 / 22 oz = 9 w2 = 22 oz * 9 = 198 ounces confidence rating #$&*: 3 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
.............................................
Given Solution: The ratios 36/12, 54/18 and 72/24 of the corresponding sides are all the same and all equal to 3, so the dimensions of the sides of the second box are 3 times those of the first. Since the thickness of the cardboard is the same on both boxes, only the dimensions of the rectangular sides change. The only thing that matters, therefore, is the surface area of the box. The proportionality is therefore of the form w = k x^2, where w is the weight of the box and x stands any linear dimension. It follows that w2 / w1 = (x2 / x1)^2. Since as we just saw x2 / x1 = 3, we see that w2 / w1 = 3^2 = 9. Since w1 = 22 oz, we write this as w2 / 22 oz = 9. Multiplying both sides by 22 oz we see that w2 = 22 oz * 9 = 198 oz. STUDENT QUESTION I reduced the sides of each box by dividing each side measurement by 6. Then since we were looking for weight, I used the y = kx^3 formula to calculate the weight of the second box. I used y as the weight and x as the volume (l*w*h). Obviously my calculation was way off. Why wouldn’t this work? INSTRUCTOR COMMENT Presumably the cardboard is of the same thickness for both boxes. So the amount of cardboard is determined by the surface area of the the box, not the volume. If the box was filled with cardboard as well as being constructed of cardboard, then the proportionality with volume would be appropriate and your solution would be correct. " Self-critique (if necessary): ------------------------------------------------ Self-critique rating: #*&!