sequence notation

MTH 163

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If a(n) = a(n-1) + b, with a(0) = 8, then if a( 260) = 0, what is the value of b?

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I am having a hard time with these type of problems. Here is what I did to work it out but I dont think this is the easiest way

a(260) = a(260-1) + b

= 259a + b = 0

a(0)=a(0-1)+b

a(0)=-1a + b = 8

(259)(-1a+b=8)

-259a + 259b = 2072

-1(259a + b = 0)

-259a + -1b = 0

subtracting one equation from the other now that a is eliminated to get

259b=2072

-(-1b=0)

260b=2072

260b/260=2072/260

b=518/65 or~7.969

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Is there an easier way, I remember doing these types of equations earlier and I kinda had a hard time with them then. I'm just trying to get prepared for the test. Thanks Billy

I believe you are interpreting the function notation of this situation as multiplication.

a(260), for example, is the value of the 260th member of the sequence. It does not stand for a * 260.

An alternative to representing the sequence as a(0), a(1), a(2), ... would be to use subscripts; however subscripts are not possible to represent as subscripts in a text file, where they would be written according to the form a_0, a_1, a_2, ...

So we choose to use the function notation.

Substituting first n = 1, then n = 2, then n = 3, etc., into the form a(n) = a(n-1) + b, we find that

a(n) = a(n-1) + b

means

a(1) = a(0) + b

a(2) = a(1) + b

a(3) = a(2) + b

etc..

a(1) = a(0) + b

a(2) = a(1) + b = (a(0) + b) + b = a(0) + 2 b. Using a(2) = a(0) + 2 b we get

a(3) = a(2) + b = a(0) + 2b + b = a(0) + 3 b. We could use a(3) = a(0) + 3 b to then get

a(4) = a(0) + 4 b, which we could use to get

a(5) = a(0) + 5 b, etc..

Extending this reasoning in the obvious manner, we conclude that

a(260) = a(0) + 260 b.

Now if a(0) = 8 and a(260) = 0, we get the equation

0 = 8 + 260 b,

which we easily solve for b, obtaining

b = -8 / 260.

Hopefully this clarifies the notation. If so, I recommend that you take another look at the relevant worksheet(s) and be sure you understand the related examples and problems. If not, be sure to submit additional questions.