assignment 002

course mth 163

assignment #002002.

Precalculus I

09-09-2008

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assignment #001

001.

Precalculus I

09-09-2008

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assignment #001

001.

Precalculus I

09-09-2008

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21:26:20

`q001. Note that this assignment has 10 questions

Solve the following system of simultaneous linear equations:

3a + 3b = 9

6a + 5b = 16.

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RESPONSE -->

If you solve for (a) by finding a number that will multiply the 3a and equal 6a. We can then multiply -2 by 3b and 9

6a + 6b = 18

6a + 5b = 16

1b = 2 /(1b) = 2 =a

To solve for (b) we cancel out (b) by cross multplying the (b) in the second equation by the a + b = in the first to get

15a +15b = 45

Then do the same in the second problem to get

18a + 15b = 48

now the equation looks like this

15a + 15b = 45

18a + 15b = 48 if we subtract we get

-3a = -3 a = -3 / - 3a

b = 1

If we plug these two numbers in for (a) & (b) we get

(3*2) + (3*1) = 9

(6*2) + (5*1) = 17

confidence assessment: 3

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21:35:59

The system

3a + 3b = 9

6a + 5b = 16

can be solved by adding an appropriate multiple of one equation in order to eliminate one of the variables.

Since the coefficient of a in the second equation (the coefficient of a in the second equation is 6)) is double that in the first (the coefficient of a in the first equation is 3), we can multiply the first equation by -2 in order to make the coefficients of a equal and opposite:

-2 * [ 3a + 3b ] = -2 [ 9 ]

6a + 5b = 16

gives us

-6a - 6 b = -18

6a + 5b = 16

. Adding the two equations together we obtain

-b = -2, or just b = 2.

Substituting b = 2 into the first equation we obtain

3 a + 3(2) = 9, or

3 a + 6 = 9 so that

3 a = 3 and

a = 1.

Our solution is therefore a = 1, b = 2. This solution is verified by substituting these values into the second equation, where we get 6 * 1 + 5 * 2 = 6 + 10 = 16.

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RESPONSE -->

self critique assessment: 2

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22:35:37

`q002. Solve the following system of simultaneous linear equations using the method of elimination:

4a + 5b = 18

6a + 9b = 30.

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RESPONSE -->

If we multply 4 by -1.5 we get the coeficant of 6,

we can then multiply the rest of the equation

-6a - 7.5 = -27

6a + 9b = 30

subtracting we get

-16.5b = -12

-12 / -16.6 = b = .727

by plugging b into the equation we can slove for (a)

(4a) + 3.635 = 18

18 - 3.635 = 14.365 / 4 = 3.59

a = 3.59

By substituting (a) and (b) we get a slight deveiant by 1.27

confidence assessment: 2

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22:37:24

In the system

4a + 5b = 18

6a + 9b = 30 we see that the coefficients of b are relatively prime and so have a least common multiple equal to 5 * 9, whereas the coefficients 4 and 6 of a have a least common multiple of 12. We could therefore 'match' the coefficients of a and b by multiplying the first equation by 9 in the second by -5 in order to eliminate b, or by multiplying the first equation by 3 and the second by -2 in order to eliminate a. Choosing the latter in order to keep the number smaller, we obtain

3 * [4a + 5b ] = 3 * 18

-2 * [ 6a + 9b ] = -2 * 30, or

12 a + 15 b = 54

-12 a - 18 b = -60.

Adding the two we get

-3 b = -6, so

b = 2.

Substituting this value into the first equation we obtain

4 a + 5 * 2 = 18, or

4 a + 10 = 18, which we easily solve to obtain

a = 2.

Substituting this value of a into the second equation we obtain

6 * 2 + 9 * 2 = 30,

which verifies our solution.

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RESPONSE -->

I see were I went wrong

self critique assessment: 2

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22:39:28

`q003. If y = 5x + 8, then for what value of x will we have y = 13?

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RESPONSE -->

13 = 5x + 8

If we subtract 8 from both sides we get

5 = 5x and

5 / 5 = 1

x = 1

confidence assessment: 3

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22:39:46

We first substitute y = 13 into the equation y = 5 x + 8 to obtain

13 = 5 x + 8. Subtracting 8 from both equations and reversing the equality we obtain

5 x = 5, which we easily solve to obtain

x = 1.

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RESPONSE -->

good good

self critique assessment: 3

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22:52:30

`q004. Sketch a set of coordinate axes representing y vs. x, with y on the vertical axis and x on the horizontal axis, and plot the points (1, -2), (3, 5) and (7, 8). Sketch a smooth curve passing through these three points. On your curve, what are the y coordinates corresponding to x coordinates 1, 3, 5 and 7? Estimate these coordinates as accurately as you can from your graph.

Retain your sketch for use in future assignments.

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RESPONSE -->

-2, 5, 7, 8

confidence assessment: 3

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22:54:26

The x coordinates 1, 3 and 7 match the x coordinates of the three given points, the y coordinates will be the y coordinates -2, 3 and 8, respectively, of those points. At x = 5 the precise value of x, for a perfect parabola, would be 8 1/3, or about 8.333.

Drawn with complete accuracy a parabola through these points will peak between x = 3 in and x = 7, though unless you have a very fine sense of the shape of a parabola your sketch might well peak somewhere to the right of x = 7. The peak of the actual parabola will occur close to x = 6, and the value at x = 7 will be just a bit greater than 8, perhaps 8.5 or so.

If your peak was to the right of x = 7, your x = 5 value will be lass than 7.

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RESPONSE -->

I'm not sure that I understand

self critique assessment: 2

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22:57:56

The easiest way to estimate your points would be to make horizontal lines on your graph at y = 1, 3, 5 and 7. You would easily locate the points were these lines intersect your graph, then estimate the x coordinates of these points.

For the actual parabola passing through the given points, y will be 1 when x = 1.7 (and also, if your graph extended that far, near x = 10).

y = 3 near x = 2.3 (and near x = 9.3).

y = 5 at the given point (3, 5), where x = 3.

y = 7 near x = 4 (and also near x = 7.7).

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RESPONSE -->

1.5, 2, 3, 4.75

self critique assessment: 2

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23:01:26

`q006. Suppose the graph you used in the preceding two exercises represents the profit y on an item, with profit given in cents, when the selling price is x, with selling price in dollars. According to your graph what would be the profit if the item is sold for 4 dollars? What selling price would result in a profit of 7 cents? Why is this graph not a realistic model of profit vs. selling price?

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RESPONSE -->

p = .63

s = $4.75

confidence assessment: 2

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23:05:32

To find the profit for a selling price of x = 4 dollars, we would look at the x = 4 point on the graph. This point is easily located by sketching a vertical line through x = 4. Projecting over to the y-axis from this point, you should have obtained an x value somewhere around 7.

The profit is the y value, so to obtain the selling price x corresponding to a profit of y = 7 we sketch the horizontal line at y = 7, which as in a preceding exercise will give us x values of about 4 (or x = 7.7, approx.).

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RESPONSE -->

My graph shows more of a 4 for the y axis

and a 4.7 for the x

Does this seem right?

self critique assessment: 2

The graph goes through (3, 5), and is at that point increasing, so when x = 4 the value of y will be greater than five.

x = 4.7 is not an unreasonable answer to the second question.

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23:09:29

`q007. On another set of coordinate axes, plot the points (-3, 4) and (5, -2). Sketch a straight line through these points. We will obtain an approximate equation for this line:

First substitute the x and y coordinates of the first point into the form y = m x + b. What equation do you obtain?

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RESPONSE -->

-3 = m4 + b

confidence assessment: 3

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23:10:47

Substituting x = -3 and y = 4 into the form y = m x + b, we obtain the equation

4 = -3 m + b. Reversing the sides we have -3 m + b = 4.

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RESPONSE -->

I mixed my axises up

self critique assessment: 2

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23:11:23

`q008. Substitute the coordinates of the point (5, -2) into the form y = m x + b. What equation do you get?

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RESPONSE -->

-2 = m5 + b

confidence assessment: 3

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23:12:24

Substituting x = 5 and y = -2 into the form y = m x + b, we obtain the equation

-2 = 5 m + b. Reversing the sides we have 5 m + b = -2

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RESPONSE -->

I might have hit next question before enter response but that is what I had

self critique assessment: 3

You got it OK. But use 5 m instead of m 5. Numbers before symbols is the standard convention.

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23:35:14

`q009. You have obtained the equations -3 m + b = 4 and 5 m + b = -2. Use the method of elimination to solve these simultaneous equations for m and b.

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RESPONSE -->

-3 m + b = 4

5 m + b = -2

first find a common denominater of -3 and 5

15 is a common denominater so we multiply the top equation by -5 and get

15m + -5b = -20

and multiply the second equation by 3 and get

15m + 3b = -6

so we then subtract

15m + -5b = -20

15m + 3b = -6

= -8b = -14

-14 / -8 = b = 1.75

b = 1.75

now substitute 1.75 for b to slove for m

(-3m) + 1.75 = 4 we sutract 1.75 from both sides to get

2.25 / -3 = m

m = -.75

(5m) + 1.75 = -2

-3.75 / 5 = m

m = -.75

so we should be able to check by substitute b and m to check.

(-3 * -.75) + 1.75 = 4

(5 * -.75) + 1.75 = -2

confidence assessment: 3

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23:36:32

Starting with the system

-3 m + b = 4

5 m + b = -2

we can easily eliminate b by subtracting the equations. If we subtract the first equation from the second we obtain

-8 m = 6, with solution

m = -3/4.

Substituting this value into the first equation we obtain

(-3/4) * -3 + b = 4, which we easily solve to obtain

b = 7/4.

To check our solution we substitute m = -3/4 and b = 7/4 into the second equation, obtaining

5 ( -3/4) + 7/4 = -2, which gives us -8/4 = -2 or -2 = -2.

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RESPONSE -->

I' ve got it

self critique assessment: 3

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23:38:40

`q010. Substitute your solutions b = 7/4 and m = -3/4 into the original form y = m x + b. What equation do you obtain? What is the significance of this equation?

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RESPONSE -->

y = -.75x + 1.75

I think using this formula we should be able to get any points on the slope.

confidence assessment: 3

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23:38:57

Substituting b = 7/4 and m = -3/4 into the form y = m x + b, we obtain the equation

y = -3/4 x + 7/4.

This is the equation of the straight line through the given points (-3, 4) and (5, -2).

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RESPONSE -->

yes

self critique assessment: 3

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You appear to have a good overall understanding, but be sure to see my notes addressing some of the details.