61

course Mth 272

014.

*********************************************

Question: `qQuery problem 6.1.5 (was 6.1.4) integral of (2t-1)/(t^2-t+2)

YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY

Your solution:

u= t^2-t+2

du’= 2t-1

=ln|u| +c

=ln|t^2-t+2|+C

confidence rating: this was an easy problem with not many steps. 3

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.............................................

Given Solution: `a To integrate (2t-1) / (t^2-t+2) use u = t^2 - t + 2. We find that du = (2 t - 1) dt, which is there just waiting for you in the integrand.

This gives you integrand du / u.

The integral is ln | u | + c. Substituting we get

int( (2t-1) / (t^2 - 1 + 2) with respect to t) = ln | t^2 - t + 2 | + c.

The absolute value is important because t^2 - t + 2 can be negative.

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

Self-critique (if necessary): correct

------------------------------------------------

Self-critique Rating:

*********************************************

Question: `qQuery problem 6.1.32 (was 6.1.26) integral of 1 / (`sqrt(x) + 1)

YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY

Your solution:

u= sqrt’(x) +1

(u-1)^2= x

2(u-1)/u du

=(u/u)- (1/u)

=1- 1/u

=u- ln |u|

2(sqrt’(x)+1- ln |sqrt’(x)+1| + C

confidence rating: I feel pretty confident, but there was many steps. I would say 2.

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.............................................

Given Solution: `a If we let u = (sqrt x) + 1 we can solve for x to get

x = (u-1)^2 so that

dx = 2(u-1) du.

So the integral of 1 / (`sqrt(x) + 1) dx becomes the integral of (2 ( u - 1 ) / u) du.

Integrating ( u - 1) / u with respect to u we express this as

( u - 1) / u = (u / u) - (1 / u) = 1 - (1 / u). An antiderivative is u - ln | u |.

Substituting u = (sqrt x) + 1 and adding the integration constant c we end up with

(sqrt x) + 1 - ln | (sqrt x) + 1 | + c.

Our integral is of 2 (u-1)/u, double the expression we just integrated, so our result will also be double. We get

2 (sqrt x) + 2 - 2 ln | (sqrt x) + 1 | + c.

Since c is an arbitrary constant, 2 + c is also an arbitrary constant so the final solution can be expressed as

2 (sqrt x) - 2 ln | (sqrt x) + 1 | + c.

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

Self-critique (if necessary): My answer wasn’t simplified fully, but still correct.

------------------------------------------------

Self-critique Rating:

*********************************************

Question: `qquery problem 6.1.56 (was 6.1.46) area bounded by x (1-x)^(1/3) and y = 0

YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY

Your solution:

zeros for x are 0 and 1

(1-u)*u^1/3

=u^1/3 - u^4/3

integrate= 3/4 u^4/3 - 3/7 u^7/3

plug U value in......

3/4(1-x)^4/3 - 3/7(1-x)^7/3

confidence rating: I am confident with my answer. 3

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.............................................

Given Solution: `a Begin by sketching a graph to see that there is a finite region bounded by the graph and by y = 0. Then find the points where the graph crosses the line y = 0 but finding where the expression takes the value 0:

x(1-x)^(1/3) = 0 when x = 0 or when 1-x = 0. Thus the graph intersects the x axis at x = 0 and x = 1.

We therefore integrate x (1-x)^(1/3) from 0 to 1.

We let u = 1-x so du = dx, and x = 1 - u.

This transforms the integrand to (1 - u) * u^(1/3) = u^(1/3) - u^(4/3), which can be integrated term by term, with each term being a power function.

Our antiderivative is 3/4 u^(4/3) - 3/7 u^(7/3), which translates to 3/4 (1-x)^(4/3) - 3/7 ( 1-x)^(7/3).

The result is 9/28 = .321 approx..

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

Self-critique (if necessary): I did not plug in the vales to reach a result, but what I had was correct.

------------------------------------------------

Self-critique Rating:

*********************************************

Question: `qQuery problem P = int(1155/32 x^3(1-x)^(3/2), x, a, b).

YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY

Your solution:

1155/32(u^3/2+3u^5/2+3u^7/2+u^9/2)

1155/32(2/5u^5/2+ 6/7u^7/2+2/3u^9/2+2/11u^11/2)

this is the integral, but I am not sure what to do at this point

confidence rating: about a 2, b/c what I have should be right. I just do not know where to go from where I am.

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.............................................

Given Solution: `a For reference

int(1155/32 x^3(1-x)^(3/2), x, a, b) means 'the integral of 1155 / 32 x^3 ( 1 - x)^(3/2), integrated with respect to x

between limits x = a and x = b'.

That would be written with an integral sign with limits a and b, then 1155/32 x^3(1-x)^(3/2) dx.

It's easiest to integrate if you change the variable to u = 1 - x, which changes the integrand to 1155/32 (1 + u)^3 *

u^(3/2). Expand the cube and multiply through by u^(3/2) to get a sum of four power functions, easily integrated

The result is of course a bit messy:

First we expand the cube: (1 + u)^3 = 1 + 3 u + 3 u^2 + u^3, so

1155/32 ((1 + u)^3)(u^(3/2)) =

1155 / 32 ( 1 + 3 u + 3 u^2 + u^3) * u^(3/2) =

1155 / 32 ( u^(3/2) + 3 u^(5/2) + 3 u^(7/2) + u^(9/2)).

An antiderivative is

1155 / 32 ( 2/5 u^(5/2) + 6/7 u^(7/2) + 6/9 u^(9/2) + 2/11 u^(11/2) ).

Since u = 1 - x the limits on the u integral would be 1 - a and 1 - b.

The result would therefore be

1155 / 32 ( 2/5 (1-b)^(5/2) + 6/7 (1-b)^(7/2) + 6/9 (1-b)^(9/2) + 2/11 (1-b)^(11/2) ) - 1155 / 32 ( 2/5 (1-a)^(5/2) + 6/7 (1-a)^(7/2) + 6/9 (1-a)^(9/2) + 2/11 (1-a)^(11/2) ), which is slightly simplified to

1155 / 32 ( 2/5 (1-b)^(5/2) + 6/7 (1-b)^(7/2) + 6/9 (1-b)^(9/2) + 2/11 (1-b)^(11/2) ) - 2/5 (1-a)^(5/2) - 6/7 (1-a)^(7/2) - 6/9 (1-a)^(9/2) - 2/11 (1-a)^(11/2) ).

Factoring (1 - b)^(5/2) from the first four terms and (1 - a)^(5/2) from the last four terms, and simplifying yields

((1 - a)^(5/2)(105 a^3 + 70 a^2 + 40 a + 16) - (1 - b)^(5/2) (105 b^3 + 70 b^2 + 40 b + 16))/16.

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

Self-critique (if necessary): Wow The answer was full of numbers. I guess that I was bound to mess up somewhere. Overall, I was close.

------------------------------------------------

Self-critique Rating:

*********************************************

Question: `qWhat is the probability that a sample will contain between 0% and 25% iron?

YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY

Your solution:

after looking at the answer from the previous problem, I made sure my formula was right. With that, one should just plug in 0 and .25 for the x values.

My results

x=.25 .19486-.31316+.18268-.03737= (.02701)*-1155/32= -.97489

x=0 .4-.85714+.66667-.18182= (.02771)*-1155/32= -1.0002

ANSWER= .02531, which is 2.5%

confidence rating: I am confident with my results. 3

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.............................................

Given Solution: `a The probability of an occurrence between 0 and .25 is found by integrating the expression from x = 0 to x = .25:

Let u = 1-x so du = -dx and x = 1-u.

Express in terms of u:

-(1155/32) * int ( (1-u)^3 (u)^(3/2) du )

Expand the integrand:

-(1155/32) * int( (1 - 3 u + 3 u^2 - u^3) * u^(3/2) ) =

-1155/32 * int( u^(3/2) - 3 u^(5/2) + 3 u^(7/2) - u^(9/2) ) .

An antiderivative of u^(3/2) - 3 u^(5/2) + 3 u^(7/2) - u^(9/2) is 2/5 u^(5/2) - 3 * 2/7 u^(7/2) + 3 * 2/9 * u^(9/2) - 2/11 u^(11/2) . So we obtain for the indefinite integral

-1155/32 * ( 2/5 u^(5/2) - 3 * 2/7 u^(7/2) + 3 * 2/9 * u^(9/2) - 2/11 u^(11/2) ).

Express in terms of x:

-1155/32 * ( 2/5 ( 1 - x )^(5/2) - 3 * 2/7 ( 1 - x )^(7/2) + 3 * 2/9 * ( 1 - x )^(9/2) - 2/11 ( 1 - x )^(11/2) )

Evaluate this antiderivative at the limits of integration 0 and .25 .

You get a probability of .0252, approx, which is about 2.52%, for the integral from 0 to .25; this is the probability of a result between 0 and 25%.

To get the probability of a result between 50% and 100% integrate between .50 and 1. You get .736, which is 73.6%

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

Self-critique (if necessary):

My answer was correct. However, I got zero the first time because I did not round far enough.

------------------------------------------------

Self-critique Rating:

*********************************************

Question: `qWhat is the probability that a sample will contain between 50% and 100% iron?

YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY

Your solution:

one should just plug in .50 and 1 into the equation given from the first part. Since using 1 in the equation gives you 0, just plug in .5 and that is the result.

My results

1155/32(.071-.076+.029-.004)

=1155/32(.02)

=.72, which is 72%

confidence rating:

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

pretty confident. 3

.............................................

Given Solution:

`a To get the probability of a result between 50% and 100% integrate between .50 and 1. You get .736, which is 73.6%

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

Self-critique (if necessary): my answer was very close. I must have not rounded enough.....Again

------------------------------------------------

Self-critique Rating:

*********************************************

Question: `qQuery Add comments on any surprises or insights you experienced as a result of this assignment.

"

xxxx

&#Very good work. Let me know if you have questions. &#