query 94

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course mth 277

12/7 11

If your solution to stated problem does not match the given solution, you should self-critique per instructions at

http://vhcc2.vhcc.edu/dsmith/geninfo/labrynth_created_fall_05/levl1_22/levl2_81/file3_259.htm

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Your solution, attempt at solution. If you are unable to attempt a solution, give a phrase-by-phrase interpretation of the problem along with a statement of what you do or do not understand about it. This response should be given, based on the work you did in completing the assignment, before you look at the given solution.

At the end of this document, after the qa problems (which provide you with questions and solutions), there is a series of Questions, Problems and Exercises.

query_09_4

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Question: Find v X w when v = sin(theta)i + cos(theta)j and w = -cos(theta)i + sin(theta)j (theta is any angle).

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Your solution:

sin(theta)(-cos(theta))iXi + sin(theta)sin(theta) iXj -cos(theta)cos(theta) jXi +cos(theta)sin(theta)jXj

using the right hand rule you find that iXj=k and jXi= -k and iXi,jXj are zero because sin(theta)=0

so you get sin(theta) sin(theta)k -cos(theta)cos(theta)(-k)= sin^2(theta)k+ cos^2(theta)(k)= (sin^2(theta) + cos^2(theta))*k= vector k

confidence rating #$&*:

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Given Solution:

The result is just the vector k:

v X w = ( sin(theta) i + cos(theta) j ) X (-cos(theta) i + sin(theta) j )

= -sin(theta) cos(theta) i X i + sin(theta) sin(theta) i X j - cos(theta) cos(theta) j X i + cos(theta) sin(theta) j X j.

i X i amd j X j are both zero, since sin(theta) = 0 for both of these computations.

i X j = k by the right-hand rule, and likewise j X i . = -k, so the product is

sin(theta) sin(theta) k - cos(theta) cos(theta) (-k) = sin^2(theta) i + cos^2(theta) k = (sin^2(theta) + cos^2(theta) ) * k = k

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Self-critique (if necessary):Okay

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Self-critique rating:3

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Question: Find sin(theta) where theta is the angle between v = -i + j and w = -i + j + 2k.

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Your solution:

||vXw||=||v||*||w||*sin(theta)

Sin(theta)= ||vXw||/(||v||*||w||)

Sin(theta)=||2j+2i||/(sqrt(2)*sqrt(6))

Sin(theta)= 2*sqrt(2)/(sqrt(2)*sqrt(6))

(theta)=sin^-1(2sqrt(6)/6-sqrt(6)/3)

Theta=sin^-1(0)=0

confidence rating #$&*:

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Given Solution:

|| v X w || = || v || || w || sin(theta) so

sin(theta) = || v X w || / (|| v || || w || ) = || 2 j + 2 i || / (sqrt(2) sqrt(6) ) = 2 sqrt(2) / ( sqrt(2) sqrt(6) ) = 2 / sqrt(6) = 2 sqrt(6) / 6 - sqrt(6) / 3.

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Self-critique (if necessary): I think I went too far but I’m unsure.

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Self-critique rating:3

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The given solution should have read

sin(theta) = || v X w || / (|| v || || w || ) = || 2 j + 2 i || / (sqrt(2) sqrt(6) ) = 2 sqrt(2) / ( sqrt(2) sqrt(6) ) = 2 / sqrt(6) = 2 sqrt(6) / 6 = sqrt(6) / 3.

If sin(theta) = sqrt(6) / 3, then what is theta?

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Question: Find a unit vector which is orthogonal to both v = 2i - j and w = 2j - k.

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Your solution: \

vXw=i+2j+4k

The unit vector must equal 0

Unit vector is (i+2j+4k)/srt(1^2+2^2+4^2)=(i+2j+4k)/sqrt(21)=(.22i+.44j+.87k)

vXw is orthogonal to both v and w because if you take the dot product of v and the unit vector you get zero and if you take the dot product of w and the unit vector you get zero

confidence rating #$&*:

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Given Solution:

v X w is orthogonal to both v and w.

v X w = i + 2 j +4 k

A unit vector in this direction is

(i + 2 j + 4 k ) / sqrt(1^2 + 2^2 + 4^2) = (i + 2 j + 4 k ) sqrt(21) / 21 .

If we take the dot product of this vector with either of our original vectors we will get zero. You can verify that this vector is indeed a unit vector.

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Self-critique (if necessary):okay

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Self-critique rating:3

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Question: Find the area of the triangle with vertices P(2,0,0), Q(1,1,-1), R(3,1,2).

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Your solution:

PQ=<-1,1,-1> ,PR=<1,1,2> im going to use PQ as the base of the triangle

(1/2) ||PQ X PR||= <-1,1,-1>X<1,1,2> =(1/2)( 3i+j) im unsure if I need to take the magnitude then multiply it by (1/2)

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Given Solution:

Consider the vector PQ = < -1, 1, -1 > to be the base of the triangle, which therefore has magnitude || PQ ||.

The vector PR = < 1, 1, 2 > then forms a side adjacent to the base. An altitude from point R to the base then has magnitude || PR || sin(theta).

Since PQ X PR has magnitude || PQ || || PR || sin(theta), which is just the product of the triangle's base and altitude. Thus the area is

|| PQ X PR || .

Having calculated this quantity you will have the area of the triangle.

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Self-critique (if necessary):I could use a little help im unsure what to do after I crossed the vectors.

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Self-critique rating:3

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|| PQ X PR || = || PQ || sin(theta) * || PR ||, which if PR is the base constitutes the product of the altitude and the base.

The product of the altitude and the base is the area, which is what you need to fine.

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Question: 8) Determine if each of the following products is a vector, scalar, or not defined at all. Explain why. u X (v X w) , u dot (v dot w), (u X v) dot (w X r).

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Your solution:

u X (v X w): since it is the cross product of v and w which means they are perpendicular to each other then you cross that answer with u which means u is also perpendicular to v and w.

u dot (v dot w): when you take the dot product of anything you get a scalar so you get a scalar dotted with vector u which im a little unsure what that would be.

(u X v) dot (w X r): you would get two vectors from the cross products then you would get a scalar when you did the dot product.

confidence rating #$&*:

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Given Solution:

(v X w) is a vector perpendicular to both v and w , so u X (v X w) is a vector perpendicular to both u and v X w .

(v dot w) is a scalar (i.e., just a number), so u dot (v dot w) is a dot product of a vector with a scalar. Dot products are just defined between vectors, so this expression is not well-defined. That is, this is a meaningless expression.

Both of the cross products (u X v) and (w X r) are vectors, so (u X v) dot (w X r) is a vector perpendicular to both of these vectors.

All these answers assume that none of the vectors is zero, and that none of the cross products are of parallel vectors. In those cases each meaningful calculation would be zero.

All t

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Self-critique (if necessary):the second one was the only one I was unsure about your final answer.

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Self-critique rating:3

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You said you were a little unsure, which is good. That dot product is undefined, as it says in the given solution. It doesn't even make sense, so the answer is that it is not well-defined.

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Question: Find a number t such that the vectors -i - j, i - (1/2) j + (1/2)k and -2i -2j - 2tk all lie in the same plane.

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Your solution:

-2i -2j - 2tk dot (-i - jX i - (1/2) j + (1/2) k)

-2i-2j-2tk dot (-1/2)i+(1/2)j-(1/2)k

After I dotted them I got that it was equal to 1

If they had equaled 0 then the vectors would have lied in the same plane but the vectors do not lie in the same plane.

confidence rating #$&*:

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Given Solution:

Any two of these vectors define the orientation of a plane. The direction perpendicular to that plane is perpendicular to all vectors in the plane. If the third vector is also in the plane, it will also be perpendicular to that direction.

Assuming that none of the vectors are zero and that none are parallel to any of the others, we can pick any two of the vectors and find their cross product, which will be perpendicular to the plane. Then the third vector will be in the same plane, provided it is perpendicular to that cross product.

If the vectors are u, v and w, then, our test would be any of the following:

u dot (v X w ) = 0

v dot (u X w ) = 0

w dot (u X v ) = 0.

If any of the vectors is zero, or if any two of the vectors are parallel, then the condition must hold, and you should justify.

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Self-critique (if necessary):

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Self-critique rating:

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Calculating the two dot products gives you two expressions, both in terms of t.

It's not clear what you did with these expressions to get 1.

However the dot product of one or more pairs of given vectors does not by itself provide a test of whether they are in the same plane.

You could use the dot products to find the angle between each pair of vectors, and reason from that result.

Or you could do as described in the given solution.

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Self-critique (if necessary):

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Self-critique (if necessary):

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Check my notes and let me know if you have questions or revisions you want me to look at.

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