Your work on timer program has been received. Scroll down through the document to see any comments I might have inserted, and my final comment at the end.
Your General Comment
Describe what you see on your first 10 clicks
I see a list, 1 to 10, of times taken when I clicked the Click to time event button. There are two columns for each time. The first column is the initial time when I clicked on the timer button. The second column is the time interval from the last click to the current. My times were about 0.6 seconds apart each time.
Your TIMER data from 20 fast clicks
1 417.5469 417.5469
2 417.6875 .140625
3 417.8594 .171875
4 418 .140625
5 418.125 .125
6 418.3125 .1875
7 418.4531 .140625
8 418.6094 .15625
9 418.7813 .171875
10 418.9063 .125
11 419.0938 .1875
12 419.2656 .171875
13 419.4219 .15625
14 419.5625 .140625
15 419.7188 .15625
16 420.0313 .3125
17 420.1875 .15625
18 420.3438 .15625
19 420.4844 .140625
20 420.6719 .1875
21 420.8281 .15625
22 421 .171875
Your average time interval for 20 time intervals
Answer: 0.15696
I got this answer by subtracing my initial time, 417.5469, from my final time which was 421. This gave me 3.4531. Then I divided that by the number of time intervals I had which was 22. This gave me an average time interval of about 0.15696 seconds.
Your frequency distribution for the 20 time intervals (interval, number of times it was observed)
.125, 2
.140625, 5
.15625, 6
.171875, 4
.1875, 3
.3125, 1
Your general comment to this point
Is it just chance that the same numbers appear frequently or does the timer somehow influence that?
Why did you observe only certain time intervals?
The timer is not flawed. I think that the timer simply rounds up in order to provide measurable and comparable information. If it didn't, there would be infinite numbers after each decimal.
What did you see when you looked at the differences between time successive time intervals?
The last column tells us the change in time interval. For example the difference between time intervals 14 and 15 is in the last column on line 14. The negative numbers mean that the most recent interval was shorter, and the positive numbers mean that the next interval was longer. The TIMER program usually rounds to four or five significant figures in the last column. The numbers also appear frequently, but in no pattern.
Your time intervals for 7 complete breaths:
7.078125
8.8125
8.359375
10.46875
10.125
10.1875
10.07813
10.54688
10.796875
Your general comment to this point:
Why did you rarely, if ever, observe that same time interval twice?
Since the intervals were farther apart, the TIMER may not have had to round as much. There was more time to measure.
Also, I would think a little physiology plays in. Breathing frequency fluctuates with activity and relaxation of the body. With an exercise such as the fast clicking, the muscles of the hand are working very quickly. When muscles are contracting that quickly, they get closer to tetany and usually need a certain amount of time between contractions to relax. This could also be a reason that many intervals were repeated.
Do you think this program is accurate to .1 or .01 ...
I believe that statement C is the most accurate. As I look over the times for the past exercises, I see that most numbers go to about 4 or 5 decimal places. The last 1 or 2 decimal places are often the same numbers. This leads me to believe that the TIMER rounds up those numbers and that the first three decimal places are unrounded.
Copy of a few lines of your spreadsheet from the TIMER program.
My computer would not open the TIMER program. A box popped up that said one of its dependencies is not correctly registered: a file is missing or invalid. I had to use the TIMER without file options and I couldn't save the information as you instructed. I tried multiple times to open the TIMER program that would file, but my computer will not run it.
Here are a few line of my data which I copied and pasted into Excel:
1 2098.922 2098.922
2 2106 7.078125
3 2114.813 8.8125
4 2123.172 10.46875
Your data look good.
After the due date we will be discussing this experiment further via an online forum.know if you have any questions related to this orientation assignment.