Set 4 Problem number 17


Problem

Problem: An object moves both horizontally and vertically. Its horizontal motion is at a constant velocity of 10 m/s; its vertical motion begins at downward velocity 10.29 m/s and accelerates at a constant rate of 9.8 m/s/s. How far does it travel horizontally, and what is its downward vertical displacement, after 2.64 seconds?

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Solution

Solution: In 2.64 seconds, moving at 10 m/s, the object will move ( 10 m/s)( 2.64 sec) = 26.4 meters horizontally. Its vertical velocity will change by (9.8 m/s/s)( 2.64 sec) = 25.87 m/s in the downward direction. The final velocity will thus be 36.16 m/s, and its average downward velocity will be ( 10.29 m / s + 36.16 m/s)/2 = 23.22 m/s. The distance traveled will therefore be ( 23.22 m/s)( 2.64 sec) = 61.30 meters. The distance traveled will therefore be ( 23.22 m/s)( 2.64 sec) = 61.30 meters.

Generalized Solution

Generalized Response: The object has initial vertical velocity v0y and acceleration ay = g. In time interval `dt the velocity will change by `dv = g `dt, resulting in velocity vfy = v0y + g `dt.

Since acceleration is uniform, the average velocity will therefore be

ave y velocity = vyAve = (v0y + vfy) / 2 = (v0y + (v0y + g `dt)) / 2 = (2 v0y + g `dt) / 2.

The vertical displacement will therefore be

vertical displacement = `dsy = vyAve * `dt = (2 v0y + g `dt) / 2 * `dt.

The horizontal displacement at constant horizontal velocity v0x will be dsx = v0x * `dt.

Recall that the horizontal and vertical motions are independent except for the common time interval, with horizontal velocity being constant (i.e., horizontal acceleration is 0) and vertical acceleration being constant (i.e., vertical acceleration is the acceleration of gravity).

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Explanation in terms of Figure(s), Extension

Figure description:

Figure(s)